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• Obsidian_Cliff abstract "Obsidian Cliff, also known as 48YE433, was an important source of lithic materials for prehistoric peoples in Yellowstone National Park near Gardiner, Montana. The cliff was named by Philetus Norris, the second park superintendent in 1878. It was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1996.The cliff was formed from thick rhyolite lava flow that occurred about 180,000 years ago. The vertical columns are cooling fractures that formed as the thick lava flow cooled and crystallized. The Cliffs at an elevation of nearly 7,400 ft. above sea level and go on for about half a mile. The cliffs also extend between 150 and 200 feet about Obsidian Creek. The flow consists of obsidian, a dark volcanic glass. The obsidian is most abundant at the base of the cliff and slowly tapers off to larger concentrations of pumice at the top. Obsidian from this site was first quarried here about 12,000 years ago. Early natives of North America placed a high value on the obsidian that came from this cliff as well as other similar obsidian deposits in the area because numerous tools could be fashioned from obsidian - most popularly knives, spear/arrow tips, and other sharp edged objects. In fact, obsidian was so sought after in early America (before the time of Columbus) that it was traded as far away as Mexico and Guatemala, and Ohio and Canada.Many studies have been done on the composition of the obsidian from Obsidian Cliff and how the obsidian from Obsidian Cliff was distributed. This research has provided evidence of the direction and extent of prehistoric trade networks.It is located about 13 miles (21 km) south of Mammoth Hot Springs, on the east side of the Mammoth-Norris section of the Grand Loop Road. The Obsidian Cliff Kiosk, just north, is also listed on the National Register. Obsidian Cliff is also located on the northern end of Beaver Lake in Yellowstone National Park.".
• Obsidian_Cliff added "1996-06-19".
• Obsidian_Cliff area "1.4487745992192E7".
• Obsidian_Cliff nearestCity Gardiner,_Montana.
• Obsidian_Cliff nrhpReferenceNumber "96000973".
• Obsidian_Cliff thumbnail Obsidian_Cliff_YNP1.jpg?width=300.
• Obsidian_Cliff wikiPageExternalLink Site.aspx?ID=494.
• Obsidian_Cliff wikiPageID "16029625".
• Obsidian_Cliff wikiPageRevisionID "586865261".
• Obsidian_Cliff added "1996-06-19".
• Obsidian_Cliff architecture "No Style Listed".
• Obsidian_Cliff caption "Obsidian Cliff".
• Obsidian_Cliff designatedNrhpType "1996-06-19".
• Obsidian_Cliff governingBody "NATIONAL PARK SERVICE".
• Obsidian_Cliff hasPhotoCollection Obsidian_Cliff.
• Obsidian_Cliff locmapin "Wyoming".
• Obsidian_Cliff name "Obsidian Cliff".
• Obsidian_Cliff nearestCity Gardiner,_Montana.
• Obsidian_Cliff nrhpType "nhl".
• Obsidian_Cliff refnum "96000973".
• Obsidian_Cliff wordnet_type synset-location-noun-1.
• Obsidian_Cliff subject Category:Archaeological_sites_on_the_National_Register_of_Historic_Places_in_Wyoming.
• Obsidian_Cliff subject Category:Geography_of_Park_County,_Wyoming.
• Obsidian_Cliff subject Category:Landforms_of_Yellowstone_National_Park.
• Obsidian_Cliff subject Category:National_Historic_Landmarks_in_Wyoming.
• Obsidian_Cliff subject Category:Native_American_history_of_Wyoming.
• Obsidian_Cliff subject Category:Natural_features_on_the_National_Register_of_Historic_Places.
• Obsidian_Cliff subject Category:Rock_formations_in_Wyoming.
• Obsidian_Cliff subject Category:Volcanism_of_Wyoming.
• Obsidian_Cliff point "44.8189 -110.7278".
• Obsidian_Cliff type Landmark108624891.
• Obsidian_Cliff type Location100027167.
• Obsidian_Cliff type NationalHistoricLandmarksInWyoming.
• Obsidian_Cliff type Object100002684.
• Obsidian_Cliff type PhysicalEntity100001930.
• Obsidian_Cliff type Point108620061.
• Obsidian_Cliff type Position108621598.
• Obsidian_Cliff type YagoGeoEntity.
• Obsidian_Cliff type YagoLegalActorGeo.
• Obsidian_Cliff type YagoPermanentlyLocatedEntity.
• Obsidian_Cliff type HistoricPlace.
• Obsidian_Cliff type Place.
• Obsidian_Cliff type Wikidata:Q532.
• Obsidian_Cliff type LandmarksOrHistoricalBuildings.
• Obsidian_Cliff type Place.
• Obsidian_Cliff type Location.
• Obsidian_Cliff type _Feature.
• Obsidian_Cliff type SpatialThing.
• Obsidian_Cliff comment "Obsidian Cliff, also known as 48YE433, was an important source of lithic materials for prehistoric peoples in Yellowstone National Park near Gardiner, Montana. The cliff was named by Philetus Norris, the second park superintendent in 1878. It was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1996.The cliff was formed from thick rhyolite lava flow that occurred about 180,000 years ago. The vertical columns are cooling fractures that formed as the thick lava flow cooled and crystallized.".
• Obsidian_Cliff label "Obsidian Cliff".
• Obsidian_Cliff label "Obsidian Cliff".
• Obsidian_Cliff label "黑曜石崖".
• Obsidian_Cliff sameAs Obsidian_Cliff.
• Obsidian_Cliff sameAs m.03ql9t0.
• Obsidian_Cliff sameAs Q949701.
• Obsidian_Cliff sameAs Q949701.
• Obsidian_Cliff sameAs Obsidian_Cliff.
• Obsidian_Cliff lat "44.8189".
• Obsidian_Cliff long "-110.7278".
• Obsidian_Cliff wasDerivedFrom Obsidian_Cliff?oldid=586865261.
• Obsidian_Cliff depiction Obsidian_Cliff_YNP1.jpg.
• Obsidian_Cliff isPrimaryTopicOf Obsidian_Cliff.
• Obsidian_Cliff name "Obsidian Cliff".