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• Open-question_argument abstract "The open-question argument is a philosophical argument put forward by British philosopher G. E. Moore in §13 of Principia Ethica (1903), to refute the equating of the property of goodness with some non-moral property, X, whether naturalistic (e.g. pleasure) or meta-physical (e.g. God's command). That is, Moore's argument attempts to show that no moral property is identical to a natural property. The argument takes the form of syllogistic modus tollens: Premise 1: If X is (analytically equivalent to) good, then the question "Is it true that X is good?" is meaningless. Premise 2: The question "Is it true that X is good?" is not meaningless (i.e. it is an open question). Conclusion: X is not (analytically equivalent to) good.The type of question Moore refers to in this argument is an identity question, "Is it true that X is Y?" Such a question is an open question if a conceptually competent speaker can question this; otherwise the question is closed. For example, "I know he is a vegetarian, but does he eat meat?" would be a closed question. However, "Is the sky blue?" is an open question; the question cannot be deduced from the conceptual terms alone.The open-question argument claims that any attempt to identify morality with some set of observable, natural properties will always be an open question (unlike, say, a horse, which can be defined in terms of observable properties). Moore further argued that if this is true, then moral facts cannot be reduced to natural properties and that therefore ethical naturalism is false. Put another way, what Moore is saying is that any attempt to define good in terms of a naturalistic property fails because all definitions can be transformed into closed questions (the subject and predicate being conceptually identical; it is given in language itself that the two terms mean the same thing); however, all purported naturalistic definitions of good are transformable into open questions. It’s still controversial whether good is the same thing as pleasure, etc. Shortly before (in section §11), Moore said if you define good as pleasure (or any other naturalistic property) you could substitute “good” for “pleasure” anywhere it occurs. However, “pleasure is good” is a meaningful, informative statement; but “good is good” (after making the substitution) is an empty, non-informative tautology.".
• Open-question_argument wikiPageExternalLink s.13.
• Open-question_argument wikiPageID "886000".
• Open-question_argument wikiPageRevisionID "605980074".
• Open-question_argument hasPhotoCollection Open-question_argument.
• Open-question_argument subject Category:Analytic_philosophy.
• Open-question_argument subject Category:Concepts_in_ethics.
• Open-question_argument subject Category:Philosophical_arguments.
• Open-question_argument type Abstraction100002137.
• Open-question_argument type Argument106648724.
• Open-question_argument type Cognition100023271.
• Open-question_argument type Communication100033020.
• Open-question_argument type Concept105835747.
• Open-question_argument type ConceptsInEthics.
• Open-question_argument type Content105809192.
• Open-question_argument type Evidence106643408.
• Open-question_argument type Idea105833840.
• Open-question_argument type Indication106797169.
• Open-question_argument type PhilosophicalArguments.
• Open-question_argument type PsychologicalFeature100023100.
• Open-question_argument comment "The open-question argument is a philosophical argument put forward by British philosopher G. E. Moore in §13 of Principia Ethica (1903), to refute the equating of the property of goodness with some non-moral property, X, whether naturalistic (e.g. pleasure) or meta-physical (e.g. God's command). That is, Moore's argument attempts to show that no moral property is identical to a natural property.".
• Open-question_argument label "Open-question argument".
• Open-question_argument sameAs m.027mc1y.
• Open-question_argument sameAs Q7095717.
• Open-question_argument sameAs Q7095717.
• Open-question_argument sameAs Open-question_argument.
• Open-question_argument wasDerivedFrom Open-question_argument?oldid=605980074.
• Open-question_argument isPrimaryTopicOf Open-question_argument.