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• Percy_Cradock abstract "Sir Percy Cradock, GCMG (Chinese: 柯利達爵士, 26 October 1923 – 22 January 2010) was a British diplomat, civil servant and sinologist who served as British Ambassador to the People's Republic of China from 1978 to 1983, playing a significant role in the Sino-British negotiations which led up to the signing of the Sino-British Joint Declaration in 1984.Joining the Foreign Office in 1954, Cradock served primarily in Asia and was posted to the British charge d'affaires office in Peking (now Beijing) at the outset of the Cultural Revolution in 1966. He, along with other British subjects, was manhandled by the Red Guards and the mobs when the office was set on fire on 22 August 1967. After the rioting, Cradock served as charge d'affaires in Peking from 1968 to 1969, and later succeeded Sir Edward Youde as British Ambassador to the People's Republic of China in 1978. His ambassadorship witnessed the start of the Sino-British negotiations in 1982, which subsequently resulted in the Joint Declaration in 1984, an agreement deciding the future of the sovereignty of Hong Kong after 1997. However, the move of Cradock, who was the British chief negotiator in the negotiations, to compromise with the Chinese authority was regarded as a major retreat by the general media in Hong Kong and the United Kingdom, and was heavily criticized at that time as betraying the people of Hong Kong.Cradock remained a trusted advisor to then Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher, who appointed him as Chairman of the Joint Intelligence Committee in 1985. After the Tiananmen Square protests of 1989, he was the first senior British official to pay a visit to the Chinese leadership in the hope of maintaining the much criticised Joint Declaration. He was successful in fighting to guarantee in the Basic Law of Hong Kong that half of the seats of the Legislative Council would be directly elected by 2007. However, Cradock worsened his relationship with Thatcher's successor, John Major, by forcing him to visit China in 1991 after the row between the two countries over the Airport Core Programme of Hong Kong. Major had enough of the compromising attitude of Cradock and then Governor of Hong Kong, Sir David Wilson, and finally decided to have both of them replaced in 1992, choosing instead his Conservative-ally Chris Patten as Governor.Unlike his predecessors, Patten was strongly criticized by the Chinese authority during his governorship because he introduced a series of democratic reforms without consulting them. Although Cradock had retired, he joined the pro-Beijing camp and became one of the most prominent critics of Governor Patten, censuring him for wrecking the hand-over agreement that was blessed by the Chinese government. Cradock and Patten blamed each other publicly a number of times in the final years of Hong Kong under British-rule. He once famously denounced Patten as an "incredible shrinking Governor", while Patten mocked him openly, in another occasion, as a "dyspeptic retired ambassador" suffering from "Craddockitis".Cradock spent his later years in writing a number of books on realpolitik diplomacy and was a non-executive director of the South China Morning Post.".
• Percy_Cradock birthDate "1923-10-26".
• Percy_Cradock birthPlace Byers_Green.
• Percy_Cradock birthPlace County_Durham.
• Percy_Cradock birthPlace United_Kingdom.
• Percy_Cradock birthYear "1923".
• Percy_Cradock deathDate "2010-01-22".
• Percy_Cradock deathPlace London.
• Percy_Cradock deathPlace United_Kingdom.
• Percy_Cradock deathYear "2010".
• Percy_Cradock monarch Elizabeth_II.
• Percy_Cradock office "Charge d'affaires, Peking".
• Percy_Cradock orderInOffice "British Ambassador to the People's Republic of China".
• Percy_Cradock successor John_Denson.
• Percy_Cradock successor Richard_Evans_(British_diplomat).
• Percy_Cradock viafId "2650133".
• Percy_Cradock wikiPageExternalLink content_6272912.htm.
• Percy_Cradock wikiPageExternalLink v=onepage&q=Memorandum%20of%20Understanding%20Concerning%20the%20Construction%20of%20the%20New%20Airport%20in%20Hong%20Kong%20and%20Related%20Questions&f=false.
• Percy_Cradock wikiPageExternalLink art_main.php?iss_id=20100130&sec_id=4104&art_id=13679386.
• Percy_Cradock wikiPageExternalLink FC0705300001.htm.
• Percy_Cradock wikiPageExternalLink 0719560489.
• Percy_Cradock wikiPageExternalLink index.
• Percy_Cradock wikiPageExternalLink joint.htm.
• Percy_Cradock wikiPageExternalLink n1434410p.htm.
• Percy_Cradock wikiPageExternalLink B12_006.htm.
• Percy_Cradock wikiPageExternalLink B12_055.htm.
• Percy_Cradock wikiPageExternalLink h950713.pdf.
• Percy_Cradock wikiPageExternalLink pcouncil4.htm.
• Percy_Cradock wikiPageExternalLink losingtheplotinhongkong.
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• Percy_Cradock wikiPageExternalLink sub_special.htm.
• Percy_Cradock wikiPageExternalLink Sir-Percy-Cradock.html.
• Percy_Cradock wikiPageExternalLink article7006909.ece.
• Percy_Cradock wikiPageExternalLink Percy-Cradock-87716738.
• Percy_Cradock wikiPageID "2169666".
• Percy_Cradock wikiPageRevisionID "560169909".
• Percy_Cradock after John_Denson.
• Percy_Cradock after Richard_Evans_(British_diplomat).
• Percy_Cradock after Rodric_Braithwaite.
• Percy_Cradock before Donald_Hopson.
• Percy_Cradock before Edward_Youde.
• Percy_Cradock before Patrick_Wright,_Baron_Wright_of_Richmond.
• Percy_Cradock birthDate "1923-10-26".
• Percy_Cradock birthPlace "Byers Green, County Durham, United Kingdom".
• Percy_Cradock dateOfBirth "1923-10-26".
• Percy_Cradock dateOfDeath "2010-01-22".
• Percy_Cradock deathDate "2010-01-22".
• Percy_Cradock deathPlace "London, United Kingdom".
• Percy_Cradock hasPhotoCollection Percy_Cradock.
• Percy_Cradock honorificSuffix "Sir Percy Cradock".
• Percy_Cradock honorificSuffix "柯利達爵士".
• Percy_Cradock monarch Elizabeth_II.
• Percy_Cradock name "Cradock, Sir Percy".
• Percy_Cradock office List_of_Ambassadors_of_the_United_Kingdom_to_China.
• Percy_Cradock placeOfBirth "Byers Green, County Durham, United Kingdom".
• Percy_Cradock placeOfDeath "London, United Kingdom".
• Percy_Cradock predecessor Donald_Hopson.
• Percy_Cradock predecessor Edward_Youde.
• Percy_Cradock shortDescription "British diplomat".
• Percy_Cradock successor John_Denson.
• Percy_Cradock successor Richard_Evans_(British_diplomat).
• Percy_Cradock termEnd "1969".
• Percy_Cradock termEnd "1983".
• Percy_Cradock termStart "1968".
• Percy_Cradock termStart "1978".
• Percy_Cradock title Joint_Intelligence_Committee_(United_Kingdom).
• Percy_Cradock title List_of_Ambassadors_of_the_United_Kingdom_to_China.
• Percy_Cradock years "1968".
• Percy_Cradock years "1978".
• Percy_Cradock years "1985".
• Percy_Cradock description "British diplomat".
• Percy_Cradock description "British diplomat".
• Percy_Cradock subject Category:1923_births.
• Percy_Cradock subject Category:2010_deaths.
• Percy_Cradock subject Category:Alumni_of_St_John's_College,_Cambridge.
• Percy_Cradock subject Category:Ambassadors_of_the_United_Kingdom_to_China.
• Percy_Cradock subject Category:Ambassadors_of_the_United_Kingdom_to_East_Germany.
• Percy_Cradock subject Category:Chairs_of_the_Joint_Intelligence_Committee_(United_Kingdom).
• Percy_Cradock subject Category:Civil_servants_in_the_Cabinet_Office.
• Percy_Cradock subject Category:English_writers.
• Percy_Cradock subject Category:Fellows_of_St_John's_College,_Cambridge.
• Percy_Cradock subject Category:Knights_Grand_Cross_of_the_Order_of_St_Michael_and_St_George.
• Percy_Cradock subject Category:Members_of_HM_Diplomatic_Service.
• Percy_Cradock subject Category:Members_of_the_Middle_Temple.
• Percy_Cradock subject Category:Members_of_the_Privy_Council_of_the_United_Kingdom.
• Percy_Cradock subject Category:Presidents_of_the_Cambridge_Union_Society.
• Percy_Cradock type AlumniOfStJohn'sCollege,Cambridge.
• Percy_Cradock type Alumnus109786338.
• Percy_Cradock type Ambassador109787534.
• Percy_Cradock type AmbassadorsOfTheUnitedKingdomToChina.
• Percy_Cradock type AmbassadorsOfTheUnitedKingdomToEastGermany.
• Percy_Cradock type Associate109816771.
• Percy_Cradock type CausalAgent100007347.
• Percy_Cradock type CivilServant109925459.
• Percy_Cradock type CivilServantsInTheCabinetOffice.
• Percy_Cradock type Colleague109935990.
• Percy_Cradock type Communicator109610660.
• Percy_Cradock type Diplomat110013927.
• Percy_Cradock type EnglishWriters.
• Percy_Cradock type FellowsOfStJohn'sCollege,Cambridge.

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