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- Polyploid abstract "Polyploid cells and organisms are those containing more than two paired (homologous) sets of chromosomes. Most eukaryotic species are diploid, meaning they have two sets of chromosomes—one set inherited from each parent. However, polyploidy is found in some organisms and is especially common in plants. In addition, polyploidy also occurs in some tissues of animals that are otherwise diploid, such as human muscle tissues. This is known as endopolyploidy. Prokaryotes are haploid organisms, with only a single chromosome in each cell. Most eukaryotes have diploid cells, but produce haploid gametes by meiosis. In plants and multicellular algae the gametophyte generation is haploid, and produces gametes by mitosis. A monoploid has only one set of chromosomes, and the term is usually only applied to cells or organisms that are normally diploid. Male bees and other Hymenoptera, for example, are monoploid.Polyploidy refers to a numerical change in a whole set of chromosomes. Organisms in which a particular chromosome, or chromosome segment, is under- or overrepresented are said to be aneuploid (from the Greek words meaning "not", "good", and "fold"). Therefore the distinction between aneuploidy and polyploidy is that aneuploidy refers to a numerical change in part of the chromosome set, whereas polyploidy refers to a numerical change in the whole set of chromosomes.Polyploidy may occur due to abnormal cell division, either during mitosis, or commonly during metaphase I in meiosis.Polyploidy occurs in some animals, such as goldfish, salmon, and salamanders, but is especially common among ferns and flowering plants (see Hibiscus rosa-sinensis), including both wild and cultivated species. Wheat, for example, after millennia of hybridization and modification by humans, has strains that are diploid (two sets of chromosomes), tetraploid (four sets of chromosomes) with the common name of durum or macaroni wheat, and hexaploid (six sets of chromosomes) with the common name of bread wheat. Many agriculturally important plants of the genus Brassica are also tetraploids. Polyploidization is a mechanism of sympatric speciation because polyploids are usually unable to interbreed with their diploid ancestors.Polyploidy can be induced in plants and cell cultures by some chemicals: the best known is colchicine, which can result in chromosome doubling, though its use may have other less obvious consequences as well. Oryzalin also will double the existing chromosome content.".
- Polyploid thumbnail Haploid,_diploid_,triploid_and_tetraploid.svg?width=300.
- Polyploid wikiPageExternalLink content?genre=article&issn=0040-0262&volume=59&issue=5&spage=1387&epage=1403.
- Polyploid wikiPageExternalLink Polyploidy.html.
- Polyploid wikiPageExternalLink www.polyploidy.org.
- Polyploid wikiPageID "62610".
- Polyploid wikiPageRevisionID "606474249".
- Polyploid hasPhotoCollection Polyploid.
- Polyploid subject Category:Classical_genetics.
- Polyploid subject Category:Speciation.
- Polyploid comment "Polyploid cells and organisms are those containing more than two paired (homologous) sets of chromosomes. Most eukaryotic species are diploid, meaning they have two sets of chromosomes—one set inherited from each parent. However, polyploidy is found in some organisms and is especially common in plants. In addition, polyploidy also occurs in some tissues of animals that are otherwise diploid, such as human muscle tissues. This is known as endopolyploidy.".
- Polyploid label "Polieuploidia".
- Polyploid label "Poliploidia".
- Polyploid label "Poliploidia".
- Polyploid label "Poliploidía".
- Polyploid label "Polyploid".
- Polyploid label "Polyploidie".
- Polyploid label "Polyploïdie".
- Polyploid label "Polyploïdie".
- Polyploid label "Амфидиплоиды".
- Polyploid label "تعدد الصيغ الصبغية".
- Polyploid label "同源多倍体".
- Polyploid sameAs Polyploidie.
- Polyploid sameAs Polyploidie.
- Polyploid sameAs Poliploidía.
- Polyploid sameAs Poliploidia.
- Polyploid sameAs Polyploïdie.
- Polyploid sameAs Poliploidi.
- Polyploid sameAs Poliploidia.
- Polyploid sameAs 배수체.
- Polyploid sameAs Polyploïdie.
- Polyploid sameAs Polieuploidia.
- Polyploid sameAs Poliploidia.
- Polyploid sameAs m.0gxk5.
- Polyploid sameAs Q213410.
- Polyploid sameAs Q213410.
- Polyploid wasDerivedFrom Polyploid?oldid=606474249.
- Polyploid depiction Haploid,_diploid_,triploid_and_tetraploid.svg.
- Polyploid isPrimaryTopicOf Polyploid.
