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• Printing_press abstract "A printing press is a device for evenly printing ink onto a print medium (substrate) such as paper or cloth. The device applies pressure to a print medium that rests on an inked surface made of movable type, thereby transferring the ink. Typically used for texts, the invention and spread of the printing press are widely regarded as among the most influential events in human history, revolutionizing the way people conceive and describe the world they live in, and ushering in the period of modernity.The world's first known movable type printing technology was invented and developed in China by the Han Chinese printer Bi Sheng between the years 1041 and 1048. In Korea, the movable metal type printing technique was invented in the early thirteenth century during the Goryeo Dynasty. However, the Goryeo Dynasty of Korea printed Jikgi by using the similar method about 72 years earlier than Gutenberg, and Jikgi is the world's first press-printing material that is extant.In the West, the invention of an improved movable type mechanical printing technology in Europe is credited to the German printer Johannes Gutenberg in 1450. The exact date of Gutenberg's press is debated based on existing screw presses. Gutenberg, a goldsmith by profession, developed a printing system by both adapting existing technologies and making inventions of his own. His newly devised hand mould made possible the rapid creation of metal movable type in large quantities. The printing press displaced earlier methods of printing and led to the first assembly line-style mass production of books. A single Renaissance printing press could produce 3,600 pages per workday, compared to about 2,000 by typographic block-printing and a few by hand-copying. Books of bestselling authors such as Luther and Erasmus were sold by the hundreds of thousands in their lifetime.Printing soon spread from Mainz, Germany to over two hundred cities in a dozen European countries. However the first book in English was not until 25 years later in 1475. By 1500, printing presses in operation throughout Western Europe had already produced more than twenty million volumes. In the 16th century, with presses spreading further afield, their output rose tenfold to an estimated 150 to 200 million copies. The operation of a press became so synonymous with the enterprise of printing that, by metonymy, it lent its name to a new branch of media, the press. The importance of printing as an emblem of modern achievement and of the ability of so-called Moderns to rival the Ancients, in whose teachings much of Renaissance learning was grounded, was enhanced by the frequent juxtaposition of the recent invention of printing to those of firearms and the nautical compass. In 1620, the English philosopher Francis Bacon indeed wrote that these three inventions "changed the whole face and state of the world".In Renaissance Europe, the arrival of mechanical movable type printing introduced the era of mass communication which permanently altered the structure of society. The relatively unrestricted circulation of information and (revolutionary) ideas transcended borders, captured the masses in the Reformation and threatened the power of political and religious authorities; the sharp increase in literacy broke the monopoly of the literate elite on education and learning and bolstered the emerging middle class. Across Europe, the increasing cultural self-awareness of its people led to the rise of proto-nationalism, accelerated by the flowering of the European vernacular languages to the detriment of Latin's status as lingua franca. In the 19th century, the replacement of the hand-operated Gutenberg-style press by steam-powered rotary presses allowed printing on an industrial scale, while Western-style printing was adopted all over the world, becoming practically the sole medium for modern bulk printing.".
• Printing_press thumbnail Handtiegelpresse_von_1811.jpg?width=300.
• Printing_press wikiPageExternalLink Printing1947.
• Printing_press wikiPageExternalLink index.htm.
• Printing_press wikiPageExternalLink www.chb.hss.ed.ac.uk.
• Printing_press wikiPageExternalLink press.html.
• Printing_press wikiPageExternalLink news_308.htm.
• Printing_press wikiPageExternalLink news_332.htm.
• Printing_press wikiPageID "23295".
• Printing_press wikiPageRevisionID "606520615".
• Printing_press hasPhotoCollection Printing_press.
• Printing_press subject Category:1445_introductions.
• Printing_press subject Category:Johannes_Gutenberg.
• Printing_press subject Category:Printing.
• Printing_press subject Category:Textual_scholarship.
• Printing_press comment "A printing press is a device for evenly printing ink onto a print medium (substrate) such as paper or cloth. The device applies pressure to a print medium that rests on an inked surface made of movable type, thereby transferring the ink.".
• Printing_press label "Druckpresse".
• Printing_press label "Drukpers".
• Printing_press label "Imprenta".
• Printing_press label "Maszyna drukarska".
• Printing_press label "Prensa móvel".
• Printing_press label "Presse typographique".
• Printing_press label "Printing press".
• Printing_press label "Torchio calcografico".
• Printing_press label "Ручной типографский станок".
• Printing_press label "آلة الطباعة".
• Printing_press label "印刷机".
• Printing_press sameAs Tiskařský_lis.
• Printing_press sameAs Druckpresse.
• Printing_press sameAs Imprenta.
• Printing_press sameAs Inprimatzeko_makina.
• Printing_press sameAs Presse_typographique.
• Printing_press sameAs Mesin_cetak.
• Printing_press sameAs Torchio_calcografico.
• Printing_press sameAs 인쇄기.
• Printing_press sameAs Drukpers.
• Printing_press sameAs Maszyna_drukarska.
• Printing_press sameAs Prensa_móvel.
• Printing_press sameAs m.05sxt.
• Printing_press sameAs Q144334.
• Printing_press sameAs Q144334.
• Printing_press wasDerivedFrom Printing_press?oldid=606520615.
• Printing_press depiction Handtiegelpresse_von_1811.jpg.
• Printing_press isPrimaryTopicOf Printing_press.