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- Protein_biosynthesis abstract "Protein biosynthesis refers to the process whereby biological cells generate new proteins; it is balanced by the loss of cellular proteins via degradation or export. Translation, the assembly of proteins by ribosomes, is an essential part of the biosynthetic pathway, along with generation of messenger RNA (mRNA), aminoacylation of transfer RNA (tRNA), co-translational transport, and post-translational modification. Protein biosynthesis is strictly regulated at multiple steps, and error-checking mechanisms are in place. The cistron DNA is transcribed into a variety of RNA intermediates. The last version is used as a template in synthesis of a polypeptide chain. Protein will often be synthesized directly from genes by translating mRNA. When a protein must be available on short notice or in large quantities, a protein precursor is produced. A proprotein is an inactive protein containing one or more inhibitory peptides that can be activated when the inhibitory sequence is removed by proteolysis during posttranslational modification. A preprotein is a form that contains a signal sequence (an N-terminal signal peptide) that specifies its insertion into or through membranes, i.e., targets them for secretion. The signal peptide is cleaved off in the endoplasmic reticulum. Preproproteins have both sequences (inhibitory and signal) still present.In protein synthesis, a succession of tRNA molecules charged with appropriate amino acids are brought together with an mRNA molecule and matched up by base-pairing through the anti-codons of the tRNA with successive codons of the mRNA. The amino acids are then linked together to extend the growing protein chain, and the tRNAs, no longer carrying amino acids, are released. This whole complex of processes is carried out by the ribosome, formed of two main chains of RNA, called ribosomal RNA (rRNA), and more than 50 different proteins. The ribosome latches onto the end of an mRNA molecule and moves along it, capturing loaded tRNA molecules and joining together their amino acids to form a new protein chain.Protein biosynthesis, although very similar, is different for prokaryotes and eukaryotes.".
- Protein_biosynthesis thumbnail MRNA-interaction.png?width=300.
- Protein_biosynthesis wikiPageExternalLink cmol.nbi.dk.
- Protein_biosynthesis wikiPageExternalLink dynamtrans.html.
- Protein_biosynthesis wikiPageExternalLink what-is-protein-synthesis.
- Protein_biosynthesis wikiPageID "24553".
- Protein_biosynthesis wikiPageRevisionID "603380233".
- Protein_biosynthesis hasPhotoCollection Protein_biosynthesis.
- Protein_biosynthesis subject Category:Biosynthesis.
- Protein_biosynthesis subject Category:Gene_expression.
- Protein_biosynthesis subject Category:Metabolism.
- Protein_biosynthesis subject Category:Protein_biosynthesis.
- Protein_biosynthesis subject Category:Proteins.
- Protein_biosynthesis type Abstraction100002137.
- Protein_biosynthesis type Chemical114806838.
- Protein_biosynthesis type Compound114818238.
- Protein_biosynthesis type Macromolecule114944888.
- Protein_biosynthesis type Material114580897.
- Protein_biosynthesis type Matter100020827.
- Protein_biosynthesis type Molecule114682133.
- Protein_biosynthesis type OrganicCompound114727670.
- Protein_biosynthesis type Part113809207.
- Protein_biosynthesis type PhysicalEntity100001930.
- Protein_biosynthesis type Protein114728724.
- Protein_biosynthesis type Proteins.
- Protein_biosynthesis type Relation100031921.
- Protein_biosynthesis type Substance100019613.
- Protein_biosynthesis type Thing100002452.
- Protein_biosynthesis type Unit109465459.
- Protein_biosynthesis comment "Protein biosynthesis refers to the process whereby biological cells generate new proteins; it is balanced by the loss of cellular proteins via degradation or export. Translation, the assembly of proteins by ribosomes, is an essential part of the biosynthetic pathway, along with generation of messenger RNA (mRNA), aminoacylation of transfer RNA (tRNA), co-translational transport, and post-translational modification.".
- Protein_biosynthesis label "Biosynteza białka".
- Protein_biosynthesis label "Biosíntesis proteica".
- Protein_biosynthesis label "Eiwitsynthese".
- Protein_biosynthesis label "Protein biosynthesis".
- Protein_biosynthesis label "Proteinbiosynthese".
- Protein_biosynthesis label "Sintesi proteica".
- Protein_biosynthesis label "Synthèse des protéines".
- Protein_biosynthesis label "Síntese proteica".
- Protein_biosynthesis label "Биосинтез белка".
- Protein_biosynthesis label "تخليق البروتين".
- Protein_biosynthesis label "タンパク質生合成".
- Protein_biosynthesis label "蛋白質生物合成".
- Protein_biosynthesis sameAs Proteosyntéza.
- Protein_biosynthesis sameAs Proteinbiosynthese.
- Protein_biosynthesis sameAs Biosíntesis_proteica.
- Protein_biosynthesis sameAs Synthèse_des_protéines.
- Protein_biosynthesis sameAs Sintesis_protein.
- Protein_biosynthesis sameAs Sintesi_proteica.
- Protein_biosynthesis sameAs タンパク質生合成.
- Protein_biosynthesis sameAs Eiwitsynthese.
- Protein_biosynthesis sameAs Biosynteza_białka.
- Protein_biosynthesis sameAs Síntese_proteica.
- Protein_biosynthesis sameAs m.0647l.
- Protein_biosynthesis sameAs Q211935.
- Protein_biosynthesis sameAs Q211935.
- Protein_biosynthesis sameAs Protein_biosynthesis.
- Protein_biosynthesis wasDerivedFrom Protein_biosynthesis?oldid=603380233.
- Protein_biosynthesis depiction MRNA-interaction.png.
- Protein_biosynthesis isPrimaryTopicOf Protein_biosynthesis.
