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- Protostome abstract "Protostomia (from Greek meaning "mouth first") are a clade of animals. Together with the deuterostomes and a few larger phyla, they make up the Bilateria, mostly comprising animals with bilateral symmetry and three germ layers. The major distinctions between deuterostomes and protostomes are found in embryonic development.In animals at least as complex as earthworms, the embryo forms a dent on one side, the blastopore, which deepens to become the archenteron, the first phase in the growth of the gut. In deuterostomes, the original dent becomes the anus while the gut eventually tunnels through to make another opening, which forms the mouth. The protostomes were so named because it used to be thought that in their embryos the dent formed the mouth while the anus was formed later, at the opening made by the other end of the gut.More recent research, however, shows that in protostomes the edges of the dent close up in the middle, leaving openings at the ends which become the mouth and anus. However, this idea has been challenged, because the Acoelomorpha, a group which may be the sister group to the rest of the bilaterian animals, have a single mouth which leads into a blind gut (with no anus). The genes employed in the embryonic construction of this mouth are the same as those expressed around the protostome mouth.There are other significant differences between the protostome and deuterostome patterns of development:Most protostomes are schizocoelomates, meaning a solid mass of the embryonic mesoderm splits to form a coelom. A few, such as Priapulids, have no coelom, but they may have descended from schizocoelomate ancestors. On the other hand all known deuterostomes are enterocoelous, meaning that the coelom is formed from longitudinal pouches of the archenteron which then become separate cavities. Within the Protostomes a number of phyla undergo what is known as spiral cleavage which is determinate, meaning that the fate of the cells is determined as they are formed. This is in contrast to deuterostomes which have radial cleavage that is indeterminate.Current molecular data suggest that protostome animals can be divided into three major groups:Ecdysozoa, e.g. arthropods, nematodesPlatyzoa, e.g. platyhelminths, rotifersLophotrochozoa, e.g. molluscs, annelidsas well as a number of minor taxa of basal or ambiguous affinity, namely the Chaetognatha.".
- Protostome domain Eukaryote.
- Protostome kingdom Animal.
- Protostome kingdom Eumetazoa.
- Protostome thumbnail Caribbean_reef_squid.jpg?width=300.
- Protostome wikiPageExternalLink TaxonTree.aspx?id=198701.
- Protostome wikiPageID "19826952".
- Protostome wikiPageRevisionID "592865573".
- Protostome domain Eukaryote.
- Protostome hasPhotoCollection Protostome.
- Protostome imageCaption "A Caribbean Reef Squid, an example of a protostome.".
- Protostome imageWidth "200".
- Protostome name "Protostomes".
- Protostome regnum "Animalia".
- Protostome subdivision "*Ecdysozoa *Lophotrochozoa *Platyzoa".
- Protostome subdivisionRanks "Superphylums".
- Protostome subregnum Eumetazoa.
- Protostome unrankedPhylum "Protostomia".
- Protostome unrankedPhylumAuthority "Grobben, 1908".
- Protostome unrankedSuperphylum Bilateria.
- Protostome subject Category:Phyla.
- Protostome subject Category:Protostomes.
- Protostome type Animal.
- Protostome type Eukaryote.
- Protostome type Species.
- Protostome type Animal.
- Protostome type BiologicalLivingObject.
- Protostome type EukaryoticCell.
- Protostome type Organism.
- Protostome comment "Protostomia (from Greek meaning "mouth first") are a clade of animals. Together with the deuterostomes and a few larger phyla, they make up the Bilateria, mostly comprising animals with bilateral symmetry and three germ layers.".
- Protostome label "Pierwouste".
- Protostome label "Protostome".
- Protostome label "Protostomia".
- Protostome label "Protostomia".
- Protostome label "Protostomia".
- Protostome label "Protostomia".
- Protostome label "Protostomia".
- Protostome label "Urmünder".
- Protostome label "Первичноротые".
- Protostome label "أوليات الفم".
- Protostome label "前口動物".
- Protostome label "原口动物".
- Protostome sameAs Prvoústí.
- Protostome sameAs Urmünder.
- Protostome sameAs Protostomia.
- Protostome sameAs Protostomia.
- Protostome sameAs Protostomia.
- Protostome sameAs Protostomia.
- Protostome sameAs Protostomia.
- Protostome sameAs 前口動物.
- Protostome sameAs 선구동물.
- Protostome sameAs Protostomia.
- Protostome sameAs Pierwouste.
- Protostome sameAs Protostomia.
- Protostome sameAs m.0gtp6.
- Protostome sameAs Q5171.
- Protostome sameAs Q5171.
- Protostome wasDerivedFrom Protostome?oldid=592865573.
- Protostome depiction Caribbean_reef_squid.jpg.
- Protostome isPrimaryTopicOf Protostome.
- Protostome name "Protostomes".
