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- Puffball abstract "A puffball is a member of any of several groups of fungi in the division Basidiomycota. The puffballs were previously treated as a taxonomic group called the Gasteromycetes or Gasteromycetidae, but they are now known to be a polyphyletic assemblage. The distinguishing feature of all puffballs is that they do not have an open cap with spore-bearing gills. Instead, spores are produced internally, in a spheroidal fruiting body called a gasterothecium (gasteroid ('stomach-like') basidiocarp). As the spores mature, they form a mass called a gleba in the centre of the fruiting body that is often of a distinctive color and texture. The basidiocarp remains closed until after the spores have been released from the basidia. Eventually, it develops an aperture, or dries, becomes brittle, and splits, and the spores escape. The spores of puffballs are statismospores rather than ballistospores, meaning they are not actively shot off the basidium. The fungi are called 'puffballs' because clouds of brown dust-like spores are emitted when the mature fruiting body bursts, or in response to impacts such as those of falling raindrops. Puffballs and similar forms are thought to have evolved convergently (that is, in numerous independent events) from hymenomycetes by gasteromycetation, through secotioid stages. Thus, 'Gasteromycetes' and 'Gasteromycetidae' are now considered to be descriptive, morphological terms (more properly gasteroid or gasteromycetes, to avoid taxonomic implications) but not valid cladistic terms.Puffballs encompass the genera Calvatia, Calbovista and Lycoperdon. The true puffballs, of the Lycoperdales, do not have a visible stalk (stem).The stalked puffballs, of the lycoperdales, do have a stalk which supports the gleba. None of the stalked puffballs are edible as they are tough and woody mushrooms. The Hymenogastrales and Enteridium lycoperdon, a slime mold, are the false puffballs. A gleba which is powdery on maturity is a feature of true puffballs, stalked puffballs and earthstars. False puffballs are hard like rock or brittle. All false puffballs are inedible, as they are tough and bitter to taste. The genus Scleroderma, which has a young purple gleba, should also be avoided.Puffballs were traditionally used in Tibet for making ink by burning them, grinding the ash, then putting them in water and adding glue liquid and "a nye shing ma decoction", which, when pressed for a long time, made a very black dark substance which was used as ink.".
- Puffball division Basidiomycota.
- Puffball kingdom Fungus.
- Puffball thumbnail Lycoperdon_umbrinum.JPG?width=300.
- Puffball wikiPageExternalLink puffballs.htm.
- Puffball wikiPageExternalLink tree?group=Homobasidiomycetes&contgroup=Hymenomycetes.
- Puffball wikiPageExternalLink puff.html.
- Puffball wikiPageID "51632".
- Puffball wikiPageRevisionID "604971711".
- Puffball divisio Basidiomycota.
- Puffball hasPhotoCollection Puffball.
- Puffball imageCaption "Lycoperdon umbrinum, commonly known as the umber-brown puffball".
- Puffball imageWidth "250".
- Puffball name "Puffball".
- Puffball regnum Fungus.
- Puffball subject Category:Basidiomycota.
- Puffball subject Category:Edible_fungi.
- Puffball subject Category:Mushroom_types.
- Puffball type Eukaryote.
- Puffball type Fungus.
- Puffball type Species.
- Puffball type BiologicalLivingObject.
- Puffball type EukaryoticCell.
- Puffball type Fungus.
- Puffball type Organism.
- Puffball comment "A puffball is a member of any of several groups of fungi in the division Basidiomycota. The puffballs were previously treated as a taxonomic group called the Gasteromycetes or Gasteromycetidae, but they are now known to be a polyphyletic assemblage. The distinguishing feature of all puffballs is that they do not have an open cap with spore-bearing gills. Instead, spores are produced internally, in a spheroidal fruiting body called a gasterothecium (gasteroid ('stomach-like') basidiocarp).".
- Puffball label "Bovist".
- Puffball label "Puffball".
- Puffball label "Vesse-de-loup".
- Puffball label "فطر نفاث".
- Puffball label "马勃".
- Puffball sameAs Bovist.
- Puffball sameAs Vesse-de-loup.
- Puffball sameAs m.0dm3_.
- Puffball sameAs Q1759052.
- Puffball sameAs Q1759052.
- Puffball wasDerivedFrom Puffball?oldid=604971711.
- Puffball depiction Lycoperdon_umbrinum.JPG.
- Puffball isPrimaryTopicOf Puffball.
- Puffball name "Puffball".
