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- Punctuated_equilibrium_in_social_theory abstract "Punctuated equilibrium in social theory is a method of understanding change in complex social systems. The method studies the evolution of policy change, including the evolution of conflicts. The theory suggests that most social systems exist in an extended period of stasis, which are later punctuated by sudden shifts in radical change. The theory was largely inspired from the biological theory of punctuated equilibrium developed by paleontologists Niles Eldredge and Stephen Jay Gould.The punctuated equilibrium model of policy change was first presented by Frank Baumgartner and Bryan Jones in 1993, and has increasingly received attention in historical institutionalism. The model states that policy generally changes only incrementally due to several restraints, namely the "stickiness" of institutional cultures, vested interests, and the bounded rationality of individual decision-makers. Policy change will thus be punctuated by changes in these conditions, especially in party control of government, or changes in public opinion. Thus policy is characterized by long periods of stability, punctuated by large—though less frequent—changes due to large shifts in society or government. This has been particularly evident in current trends of environmental and energy policy. Gun control and U.S. federal tobacco policy have also been found to follow punctuated changes. A recent study by Michael Givel found that despite a significant mobilization to change state tobacco policy, U.S. state tobacco policymaking from 1990 to 2003 was not characterized by punctuated policy change, which also favored the pro-tobacco policy agenda.Connie Gersick, visiting scholar at the Yale University School of Management, conducted a study on how organizational systems evolve and analyzed their pattern of change. She analyzed six domains of change from different disciplines. She found similar patterns between the way that change is thought to occur in biological species and the ways adults, group, organizations and scientific fields develop. Applications of the theory have been in organizational theory, in the study of small work groups, in research on geographic communities and corporate behavior, and in the study of technological change.As some researchers have noted, the biological applications of punctuated equilibrium have rejuvenated a new "theory about change within entities." At the same time, social scientific applications of the punctuated equilibrium concept have been criticized for losing sight of a core idea in the original biological theory of punctuated equilibrium: the notion that geographic location plays a significant role in determining which populations are subject to abrupt changes at a given time.".
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- Punctuated_equilibrium_in_social_theory subject Category:Social_change.
- Punctuated_equilibrium_in_social_theory subject Category:Social_movements.
- Punctuated_equilibrium_in_social_theory subject Category:Social_policy.
- Punctuated_equilibrium_in_social_theory subject Category:Social_theories.
- Punctuated_equilibrium_in_social_theory subject Category:Sociodynamics.
- Punctuated_equilibrium_in_social_theory type Abstraction100002137.
- Punctuated_equilibrium_in_social_theory type Cognition100023271.
- Punctuated_equilibrium_in_social_theory type Explanation105793000.
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- Punctuated_equilibrium_in_social_theory type Movement108464601.
- Punctuated_equilibrium_in_social_theory type Process105701363.
- Punctuated_equilibrium_in_social_theory type PsychologicalFeature100023100.
- Punctuated_equilibrium_in_social_theory type SocialGroup107950920.
- Punctuated_equilibrium_in_social_theory type SocialMovements.
- Punctuated_equilibrium_in_social_theory type SocialTheories.
- Punctuated_equilibrium_in_social_theory type Theory105989479.
- Punctuated_equilibrium_in_social_theory type Thinking105770926.
- Punctuated_equilibrium_in_social_theory comment "Punctuated equilibrium in social theory is a method of understanding change in complex social systems. The method studies the evolution of policy change, including the evolution of conflicts. The theory suggests that most social systems exist in an extended period of stasis, which are later punctuated by sudden shifts in radical change.".
- Punctuated_equilibrium_in_social_theory label "Punctuated equilibrium (sociologie)".
- Punctuated_equilibrium_in_social_theory label "Punctuated equilibrium in social theory".
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