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- Red_Queen_hypothesis abstract "The Red Queen hypothesis, also referred to as Red Queen's, Red Queen's race or The Red Queen Effect, is an evolutionary hypothesis which proposes that organisms must constantly adapt, evolve, and proliferate not merely to gain reproductive advantage, but also simply to survive while pitted against ever-evolving opposing organisms in an ever-changing environment. The Red Queen hypothesis intends to explain two different phenomena: the constant extinction rates as observed in the paleontological record caused by co-evolution between competing species and the advantage of sexual reproduction at the level of individuals. The phenomenon's name is derived from a statement that the Red Queen made to Alice in Lewis Carroll's Through the Looking-Glass in her explanation of the nature of Looking-Glass Land:Now, here, you see, it takes all the running you can do, to keep in the same place.The original idea of the Red Queen hypothesis was given by Leigh Van Valen in order to explain the "Law of Extinction". Leigh Van Valen showed that in many populations the probability of extinction does not depend on the lifetime of this population. In addition, the probability of extinction is constant over millions of years for a given population. This could be explained by the coevolution of species. Indeed, an adaptation in a population of one species (e.g. predators, parasites ...) may change the selection pressure on a population of another species (e.g., prey, hosts), giving rise to an antagonistic coevolution. If this occurs reciprocally, a potential dynamic coevolution may result.In another idea, the Red Queen hypothesis is used by Bell to explain the evolution of sex, by John Jaenike to explain the maintenance of sex and W. D. Hamilton to explain the role of sex in response to parasites. In all cases, sexual reproduction confers species variability and a faster generational response to selection by making offspring genetically unique. Sexual species are able to improve their genotype in changing conditions. Consequently co-evolutionary interactions, between host and parasite for example, may select for sexual reproduction in hosts in order to reduce the risk of infection. Oscillations in genotype frequencies are observed between parasites and hosts in an antagonistic coevolutionary way without necessitating changes to the phenotype.".
- Red_Queen_hypothesis thumbnail The_macroevolutionary_Red_Queen.png?width=300.
- Red_Queen_hypothesis wikiPageExternalLink REDQUEEN.html..
- Red_Queen_hypothesis wikiPageExternalLink www.els.net.
- Red_Queen_hypothesis wikiPageID "9918043".
- Red_Queen_hypothesis wikiPageRevisionID "602441026".
- Red_Queen_hypothesis hasPhotoCollection Red_Queen_hypothesis.
- Red_Queen_hypothesis subject Category:Evolutionary_biology.
- Red_Queen_hypothesis comment "The Red Queen hypothesis, also referred to as Red Queen's, Red Queen's race or The Red Queen Effect, is an evolutionary hypothesis which proposes that organisms must constantly adapt, evolve, and proliferate not merely to gain reproductive advantage, but also simply to survive while pitted against ever-evolving opposing organisms in an ever-changing environment.".
- Red_Queen_hypothesis label "Hipoteza Czerwonej Królowej".
- Red_Queen_hypothesis label "Hipótesis de la Reina Roja".
- Red_Queen_hypothesis label "Hypothèse de la reine rouge".
- Red_Queen_hypothesis label "Ipotesi della Regina Rossa".
- Red_Queen_hypothesis label "Rainha Vermelha (biologia)".
- Red_Queen_hypothesis label "Red Queen hypothesis".
- Red_Queen_hypothesis label "Red Queenhypothese".
- Red_Queen_hypothesis label "Red-Queen-Hypothese".
- Red_Queen_hypothesis label "Гипотеза Чёрной Королевы".
- Red_Queen_hypothesis label "فرضية الملكة الحمراء".
- Red_Queen_hypothesis label "赤の女王仮説".
- Red_Queen_hypothesis sameAs Efekt_červené_královny.
- Red_Queen_hypothesis sameAs Red-Queen-Hypothese.
- Red_Queen_hypothesis sameAs Hipótesis_de_la_Reina_Roja.
- Red_Queen_hypothesis sameAs Hypothèse_de_la_reine_rouge.
- Red_Queen_hypothesis sameAs Ipotesi_della_Regina_Rossa.
- Red_Queen_hypothesis sameAs 赤の女王仮説.
- Red_Queen_hypothesis sameAs 붉은_여왕_가설.
- Red_Queen_hypothesis sameAs Red_Queenhypothese.
- Red_Queen_hypothesis sameAs Hipoteza_Czerwonej_Królowej.
- Red_Queen_hypothesis sameAs Rainha_Vermelha_(biologia).
- Red_Queen_hypothesis sameAs m.01qb0z.
- Red_Queen_hypothesis sameAs Q843011.
- Red_Queen_hypothesis sameAs Q843011.
- Red_Queen_hypothesis wasDerivedFrom Red_Queen_hypothesis?oldid=602441026.
- Red_Queen_hypothesis depiction The_macroevolutionary_Red_Queen.png.
- Red_Queen_hypothesis isPrimaryTopicOf Red_Queen_hypothesis.
