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- Red_mud abstract "Red mud or red sludge is a solid waste product of the Bayer process, the principal industrial means of refining bauxite in order to provide alumina as raw material for the electrolysis of aluminium by the Hall–Héroult process. A typical plant produces one to two times as much red mud as alumina. This ratio is dependent on the type of bauxite used in the refining process.Red mud is composed of a mixture of solid and metallic oxide-bearing impurities, and presents one of the aluminium industry's most important disposal problems. The red colour is caused by the oxidised iron present, which can make up to 60% of the mass of the red mud. In addition to iron, the other dominant particles include silica, unleached residual aluminium, and titanium oxide.Red mud cannot be disposed of easily. In most countries where red mud is produced, it is pumped into holding ponds. Red mud presents a problem as it takes up land area and can neither be built on nor farmed, even when dry. As a waste product of the Bayer process the mud is highly basic with a pH ranging from 10 to 13. Several methods are used to lower the alkaline pH to an acceptable level to decrease the impact on the environment. Research is being performed to find a suitable way to use the mud for other applications, but drying the mud requires much energy (latent heat for water evaporation) and can represent high costs if fossil fuels have to be used in the drying process.".
- Red_mud thumbnail Luftaufnahmen_Nordseekueste_2012-05-by-RaBoe-478.jpg?width=300.
- Red_mud wikiPageExternalLink mv_redsludge.htm.
- Red_mud wikiPageID "24090621".
- Red_mud wikiPageRevisionID "597373786".
- Red_mud hasPhotoCollection Red_mud.
- Red_mud subject Category:Soil_contamination.
- Red_mud subject Category:Waste.
- Red_mud subject Category:Water_pollution.
- Red_mud comment "Red mud or red sludge is a solid waste product of the Bayer process, the principal industrial means of refining bauxite in order to provide alumina as raw material for the electrolysis of aluminium by the Hall–Héroult process. A typical plant produces one to two times as much red mud as alumina.".
- Red_mud label "Barro rojo".
- Red_mud label "Boue rouge".
- Red_mud label "Czerwony szlam".
- Red_mud label "Lama vermelha".
- Red_mud label "Red mud".
- Red_mud label "Rode modder".
- Red_mud label "Rotschlamm".
- Red_mud label "Красный шлам".
- Red_mud sameAs Červený_kal.
- Red_mud sameAs Rotschlamm.
- Red_mud sameAs Barro_rojo.
- Red_mud sameAs Boue_rouge.
- Red_mud sameAs Rode_modder.
- Red_mud sameAs Czerwony_szlam.
- Red_mud sameAs Lama_vermelha.
- Red_mud sameAs m.07k4vkn.
- Red_mud sameAs Q747996.
- Red_mud sameAs Q747996.
- Red_mud wasDerivedFrom Red_mud?oldid=597373786.
- Red_mud depiction Luftaufnahmen_Nordseekueste_2012-05-by-RaBoe-478.jpg.
- Red_mud isPrimaryTopicOf Red_mud.
