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- Social_contract abstract "In moral and political philosophy, the social contract or political contract is a theory or model, originating during the Age of Enlightenment, that typically addresses the questions of the origin of society and the legitimacy of the authority of the state over the individual. Social contract arguments typically posit that individuals have consented, either explicitly or tacitly, to surrender some of their freedoms and submit to the authority of the ruler or magistrate (or to the decision of a majority), in exchange for protection of their remaining rights. The question of the relation between natural and legal rights, therefore, is often an aspect of social contract theory. The Social Contract (Du contrat social ou Principes du droit politique) is also the title of a 1762 book by Jean-Jacques Rousseau on this topic.Although the antecedents of social contract theory are found in antiquity, in Greek and Stoic philosophy and Roman and Canon Law, as well as in the Biblical idea of the covenant, the heyday of the social contract was the mid-17th to early 19th centuries, when it emerged as the leading doctrine of political legitimacy. The starting point for most social contract theories is a heuristic examination of the human condition absent from any political order that Thomas Hobbes termed the “state of nature”. In this condition, individuals' actions are bound only by their personal power and conscience. From this shared starting point, social contract theorists seek to demonstrate, in different ways, why a rational individual would voluntarily consent to give up his or her natural freedom to obtain the benefits of political order.Hugo Grotius (1625), Thomas Hobbes (1651), Samuel Pufendorf (1673), John Locke (1689), Jean-Jacques Rousseau (1762), and Immanuel Kant (1797) are among the most prominent of 17th- and 18th-century theorists of social contract and natural rights. Each solved the problem of political authority in a different way. Grotius posited that individual human beings had natural rights; Hobbes asserted that humans consent to abdicate their rights in favor of the absolute authority of government (whether monarchial or parliamentary); Pufendorf disputed Hobbes's equation of a state of nature with war.Locke believed that natural rights were inalienable, and that the rule of God therefore superseded government authority; and Rousseau believed that democracy (self-rule) was the best way of ensuring the general welfare while maintaining individual freedom under the rule of law. The Lockean concept of the social contract was invoked in the United States Declaration of Independence. Social contract theories were eclipsed in the 19th century in favor of utilitarianism, Hegelianism, and Marxism, and were revived in the 20th century, notably in the form of a thought experiment by John Rawls.".
- Social_contract wikiPageExternalLink roflv02i01_Foisneau_121510.pdf.
- Social_contract wikiPageExternalLink books?id=yxNgXs3TkJYC.
- Social_contract wikiPageExternalLink soclcont.htm.
- Social_contract wikiPageExternalLink r864s.
- Social_contract wikiPageExternalLink leviathan-contents.html.
- Social_contract wikiPageExternalLink locke2nd-a.html.
- Social_contract wikiPageExternalLink papers.cfm?abstract_id=1268335.
- Social_contract wikiPageExternalLink the-contractarian-theory-of-morals-faq.
- Social_contract wikiPageExternalLink in_our_time_-_game_theory.html.
- Social_contract wikiPageExternalLink b008w3xm.
- Social_contract wikiPageExternalLink late-medieval-transformations.
- Social_contract wikiPageExternalLink soccont.html.
- Social_contract wikiPageID "39704".
- Social_contract wikiPageRevisionID "605523377".
- Social_contract externalLinks "September 2013".
- Social_contract hasPhotoCollection Social_contract.
- Social_contract originalResearch "February 2013".
- Social_contract subject Category:Contractarianism.
- Social_contract subject Category:John_Locke.
- Social_contract subject Category:Political_concepts.
- Social_contract subject Category:Social_agreement.
- Social_contract subject Category:Social_concepts.
- Social_contract subject Category:Sociological_terminology.
- Social_contract subject Category:Sovereignty.
- Social_contract comment "In moral and political philosophy, the social contract or political contract is a theory or model, originating during the Age of Enlightenment, that typically addresses the questions of the origin of society and the legitimacy of the authority of the state over the individual.".
- Social_contract label "Contrato social".
- Social_contract label "Contrato social".
- Social_contract label "Contratto sociale".
- Social_contract label "Sociaal contract".
- Social_contract label "Social contract".
- Social_contract label "Umowa społeczna".
- Social_contract label "Vertragstheorie".
- Social_contract label "Общественный договор".
- Social_contract label "العقد الاجتماعي".
- Social_contract label "社会契約".
- Social_contract label "社會契約".
- Social_contract sameAs Společenská_smlouva.
- Social_contract sameAs Vertragstheorie.
- Social_contract sameAs Contrato_social.
- Social_contract sameAs Kontrak_sosial.
- Social_contract sameAs Contratto_sociale.
- Social_contract sameAs 社会契約.
- Social_contract sameAs 사회_계약.
- Social_contract sameAs Sociaal_contract.
- Social_contract sameAs Umowa_społeczna.
- Social_contract sameAs Contrato_social.
- Social_contract sameAs m.09x08.
- Social_contract sameAs Q1326430.
- Social_contract sameAs Q1326430.
- Social_contract wasDerivedFrom Social_contract?oldid=605523377.
- Social_contract isPrimaryTopicOf Social_contract.