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- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War abstract "The Sri Lankan Civil War was a conflict fought on the island of Sri Lanka. Beginning on 23 July 1983, there was an intermittent insurgency against the government by the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (the LTTE, also known as the Tamil Tigers), an independent militant organisation which fought to create an independent Tamil state called Tamil Eelam in the north and the east of the island. After a 26-year military campaign, the Sri Lankan military defeated the Tamil Tigers in May 2009, bringing the civil war to an end.For over 25 years, the war caused significant hardships for the population, environment and the economy of the country, with an estimated 80,000–100,000 people killed during its course. During the early part of the conflict, the Sri Lankan forces attempted to retake the areas captured by the LTTE. The tactics employed by the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam against the actions of Government forces resulted in their listing as a terrorist organisation in 32 countries, including the United States, India, Canada and the member nations of the European Union. The Sri Lankan government forces have also been accused of human rights abuses, systematic impunity for serious human rights violations, lack of respect for habeas corpus in arbitrary detentions, and forced disappearances.After two decades of fighting and four failed tries at peace talks, including the unsuccessful deployment of the Indian Army, the Indian Peace Keeping Force from 1987 to 1990, a lasting negotiated settlement to the conflict appeared possible when a cease-fire was declared in December 2001, and a ceasefire agreement signed with international mediation in 2002. However, limited hostilities renewed in late 2005 and the conflict began to escalate until the government launched a number of major military offensives against the LTTE beginning in July 2006, driving the LTTE out of the entire Eastern province of the island. The LTTE then declared they would "resume their freedom struggle to achieve statehood".In 2007, the government shifted its offensive to the north of the country, and formally announced its withdrawal from the ceasefire agreement on 2 January 2008, alleging that the LTTE violated the agreement over 10,000 times. Since then, aided by the destruction of a number of large arms smuggling vessels that belonged to the LTTE, and an international crackdown on the funding for the Tamil Tigers, the government took control of the entire area previously controlled by the Tamil Tigers, including their de facto capital Kilinochchi, main military base Mullaitivu and the entire A9 highway, leading the LTTE to finally admit defeat on 17 May 2009. Following the end of the war, the Sri Lankan government claimed Sri Lanka as the first country in the modern world to eradicate terrorism on its own soil. Following the LTTE's defeat, pro-LTTE Tamil National Alliance dropped its demand for a separate state, in favour of a federal solution. In May 2010, Mahinda Rajapaksa, the president of Sri Lanka, appointed the Lessons Learnt and Reconciliation Commission (LLRC) to assess the conflict between the time of the ceasefire agreement in 2002 and the defeat of the LTTE in 2009.".
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War causalties "(Indian Peace-Keeping Force)".
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War causalties "----".
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War causalties "1,200 killed".
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War causalties "23,327+ killed".
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War causalties "60,000+ wounded (Sri Lankan military and police)".
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War combatant "----".
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War combatant "Indian Peace Keeping Force (1987–90)".
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War combatant "Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam".
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War combatant "Sri Lanka".
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War commander Chandrika_Kumaratunga.
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War commander Dingiri_Banda_Wijetunga.
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War commander Gopalaswamy_Mahendraraja.
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War commander J._R._Jayewardene.
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War commander Kandiah_Balasegaran.
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War commander Mahinda_Rajapaksa.
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War commander Rajiv_Gandhi.
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War commander Ranasinghe_Premadasa.
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War commander Selvarasa_Pathmanathan.
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War commander Shanmugalingam_Sivashankar.
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War commander Thillaiyampalam_Sivanesan.
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War commander Vaithilingam_Sornalingam.
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War commander Velupillai_Prabhakaran.
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War date "1983-07-23".
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War notes "16 May 2009: Sri Lankan Government declared a military defeat of LTTE.".
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War notes "17 May 2009: LTTE admit defeat by Sri Lankan Government.".
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War notes "19 May 2009: Mahinda Rajapaksa officially declares civil war over in parliament.".
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War place Sri_Lanka.
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War result "* Allegations of war crimes against both sides".
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War result "* Lessons Learnt and Reconciliation Commission conducted".
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War result "* Rebel Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam organisation activity ended in Sri Lanka".
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War result "* Sri Lankan government decisive victory".
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War result "* Sri Lankan government reestablishes control over entire island".
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War strength "(excluding Auxiliary forces):".
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War strength "(including Auxiliary forces):".
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War strength "----".
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War strength "100,000 (peak)".
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War strength "11,000 (2005)".
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War strength "111,000 (2005)".
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War strength "118,000 (2002)".
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War strength "150,900 (2006)".
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War strength "151,000 (2004)".
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War strength "158,000 (2003)".
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War strength "25,000 (2006)".
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War strength "30,000 (2008)".
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War strength "6,000 (2001)".
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War strength "7,000 (2003)".
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War strength "7,000 (2007)".
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War strength "8,000 (2006)".
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War strength "95,000 (2001)".
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War strength "Indian Peace Keeping Force:".
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War strength "Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam".
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War strength "Sri Lanka Armed Forces:".
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War thumbnail Sri_Lanka-CIA_WFB_Map.png?width=300.
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War wikiPageExternalLink 3232913.stm.
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War wikiPageExternalLink as-lanka.shtml.
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War wikiPageExternalLink untold_story.html.
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War wikiPageExternalLink key-texts.php.
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War wikiPageExternalLink 4od.
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War wikiPageExternalLink defencemap.
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War wikiPageExternalLink www.defence.lk.
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War wikiPageExternalLink 20110801_Conf.pdf.
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War wikiPageExternalLink Default.asp.
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War wikiPageExternalLink Appalling%20Journalism.pdf.
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War wikiPageExternalLink srilanka0209webwcover_0.pdf.
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War wikiPageExternalLink digital_globe.html.
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War wikiPageExternalLink understanding-sri-lanka.html.
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War wikiPageExternalLink 386345?_download=true&_ts=1338838bac4.
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War wikiPageExternalLink www.pact.lk.
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War wikiPageExternalLink www.peaceinsrilanka.org.
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War wikiPageExternalLink FINAL%20LLRC%20REPORT.pdf.
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War wikiPageExternalLink 20120216.htm.
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War wikiPageExternalLink Content.htm.
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War wikiPageExternalLink watch?v=18lc0J2wF-w.
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War wikiPageID "225283".
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War wikiPageRevisionID "606214696".
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War caption "Sri Lanka is an island nation off the coast of India".
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War casualties "11644".
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War casualties "23327".
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War casualties "27000".
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War casualties "60000".
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War combatant "Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam".
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War combatant "Sri Lanka ---- Indian Peace Keeping Force".
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War commander Kandiah_Balasegaran.
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War commander Selvarasa_Pathmanathan.
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War commander Shanmugalingam_Sivashankar.
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War commander "Chandrika Kumaratunga".
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War commander "Dingiri Banda Wijetunge".
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War commander "Gopalaswamy Mahendraraja".
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War commander "Junius Richard Jayawardene Ranasinghe Premadasa".
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War commander "Mahinda Rajapaksa".
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War commander "Rajiv Gandhi".
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War commander "Thillaiyampalam Sivanesan".
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War commander "Vaithilingam Sornalingam".
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War commander "Velupillai Prabhakaran".
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War conflict "Sri Lankan Civil War".
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War date "--07-23".
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War hasPhotoCollection Sri_Lankan_Civil_War.
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War notes "--05-16".
- Sri_Lankan_Civil_War notes "--05-17".