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- Stellar_evolution abstract "Stellar evolution is the process by which a star undergoes a sequence of radical changes during its lifetime. Depending on the mass of the star, this lifetime ranges from only a few million years for the most massive to trillions of years for the least massive, which is considerably longer than the age of the universe. The table shows the lifetimes of stars as a function of their masses. All stars are born from collapsing clouds of gas and dust, often called nebulae or molecular clouds. Over the course of millions of years, these protostars settle down into a state of equilibrium, becoming what is known as a main-sequence star.Nuclear fusion powers a star for most of its life. Initially the energy is generated by the fusion of hydrogen atoms at the core of the main-sequence star. Later, as the preponderance of atoms at the core becomes helium, stars like the Sun begin to fuse hydrogen along a spherical shell surrounding the core. This process causes the star to gradually grow in size, passing through the subgiant stage until it reaches the red giant phase. Stars with at least half the mass of the Sun can also begin to generate energy through the fusion of helium at their core, whereas more massive stars can fuse heavier elements along a series of concentric shells. Once a star like the Sun has exhausted its nuclear fuel, its core collapses into a dense white dwarf and the outer layers are expelled as a planetary nebula. Stars with around ten or more times the mass of the Sun can explode in a supernova as their inert iron cores collapse into an extremely dense neutron star or black hole. Although the universe is not old enough for any of the smallest red dwarfs to have reached the end of their lives, stellar models suggest they will slowly become brighter and hotter before running out of hydrogen fuel and becoming low-mass white dwarfs.Stellar evolution is not studied by observing the life of a single star, as most stellar changes occur too slowly to be detected, even over many centuries. Instead, astrophysicists come to understand how stars evolve by observing numerous stars at various points in their lifetime, and by simulating stellar structure using computer models.".
- Stellar_evolution thumbnail Representative_lifetimes_of_stars_as_a_function_of_their_masses.svg?width=300.
- Stellar_evolution wikiPageExternalLink evol_hr.swf.
- Stellar_evolution wikiPageExternalLink astr606.
- Stellar_evolution wikiPageExternalLink Unit2.
- Stellar_evolution wikiPageID "27980".
- Stellar_evolution wikiPageRevisionID "606049303".
- Stellar_evolution caption "A yellow track is shown for the Sun, which will become a red giant after its main-sequence phase ends before expanding further along the asymptotic giant branch, which will be the last phase in which the Sun undergoes fusion.".
- Stellar_evolution caption "The evolutionary tracks of stars with different initial masses on the Hertzsprung–Russell diagram. The tracks start once the star has evolved to the main sequence and stop when fusion stops.".
- Stellar_evolution hasPhotoCollection Stellar_evolution.
- Stellar_evolution height "435".
- Stellar_evolution imageHeight "435".
- Stellar_evolution imageWidth "500".
- Stellar_evolution imagemap "Image:Zams and tracks.png".
- Stellar_evolution width "500".
- Stellar_evolution subject Category:Stellar_astronomy.
- Stellar_evolution subject Category:Stellar_evolution.
- Stellar_evolution comment "Stellar evolution is the process by which a star undergoes a sequence of radical changes during its lifetime. Depending on the mass of the star, this lifetime ranges from only a few million years for the most massive to trillions of years for the least massive, which is considerably longer than the age of the universe. The table shows the lifetimes of stars as a function of their masses. All stars are born from collapsing clouds of gas and dust, often called nebulae or molecular clouds.".
- Stellar_evolution label "Evolución estelar".
- Stellar_evolution label "Evoluzione stellare".
- Stellar_evolution label "Evolução estelar".
- Stellar_evolution label "Ewolucja gwiazd".
- Stellar_evolution label "Stellar evolution".
- Stellar_evolution label "Sterevolutie".
- Stellar_evolution label "Évolution stellaire".
- Stellar_evolution label "Звёздная эволюция".
- Stellar_evolution label "تطور النجوم".
- Stellar_evolution label "恆星演化".
- Stellar_evolution label "恒星進化論".
- Stellar_evolution sameAs Vývoj_hvězd.
- Stellar_evolution sameAs Evolución_estelar.
- Stellar_evolution sameAs Évolution_stellaire.
- Stellar_evolution sameAs Evolusi_bintang.
- Stellar_evolution sameAs Evoluzione_stellare.
- Stellar_evolution sameAs 恒星進化論.
- Stellar_evolution sameAs 항성_진화.
- Stellar_evolution sameAs Sterevolutie.
- Stellar_evolution sameAs Ewolucja_gwiazd.
- Stellar_evolution sameAs Evolução_estelar.
- Stellar_evolution sameAs m.06z11.
- Stellar_evolution sameAs Q6472.
- Stellar_evolution sameAs Q6472.
- Stellar_evolution wasDerivedFrom Stellar_evolution?oldid=606049303.
- Stellar_evolution depiction Representative_lifetimes_of_stars_as_a_function_of_their_masses.svg.
- Stellar_evolution isPrimaryTopicOf Stellar_evolution.
