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- Tonstein abstract "Tonstein (from the German "Ton", meaning clay, plus "Stein", meaning rock) is a hard, compact sedimentary rock that is composed mainly of kaolinite or, less commonly, other clay minerals such as montmorillonite and illite. The clays often are cemented by iron oxide minerals, carbonaceous matter, or chlorite. Tonsteins form from volcanic ash deposited in swamps.Tonsteins occur as distinctive, thin, and very laterally extensive layers in coal seams throughout the world. They are often used as key beds to correlate the strata in which they are found. The regional persistence of tonsteins and relict phenocrysts indicate that they formed as the result of the diagenetic alteration of volcanic ash falls in an acidic (low pH) and low-salinity environment, consistent with a freshwater swamp. In contrast, the alteration of a volcanic ashfall deposit in a marine environment typically produces a bentonite layer.The induration of tonsteins is in contrast to kaolin claystones that can be mined for kaolin clay, such as the ball clays found at Bovey Tracey which formed by the erosion of a nearby kaolinised granite. These deposits are generally softer, white, and plastic.".
- Tonstein wikiPageExternalLink bentrefs.html.
- Tonstein wikiPageID "17253910".
- Tonstein wikiPageRevisionID "603039508".
- Tonstein hasPhotoCollection Tonstein.
- Tonstein subject Category:Claystone.
- Tonstein subject Category:Sedimentary_rocks.
- Tonstein type Abstraction100002137.
- Tonstein type Material114580897.
- Tonstein type Matter100020827.
- Tonstein type Part113809207.
- Tonstein type PhysicalEntity100001930.
- Tonstein type Relation100031921.
- Tonstein type Rock114696793.
- Tonstein type SedimentaryRock114698000.
- Tonstein type SedimentaryRocks.
- Tonstein type Substance100019613.
- Tonstein comment "Tonstein (from the German "Ton", meaning clay, plus "Stein", meaning rock) is a hard, compact sedimentary rock that is composed mainly of kaolinite or, less commonly, other clay minerals such as montmorillonite and illite. The clays often are cemented by iron oxide minerals, carbonaceous matter, or chlorite. Tonsteins form from volcanic ash deposited in swamps.Tonsteins occur as distinctive, thin, and very laterally extensive layers in coal seams throughout the world.".
- Tonstein label "Tonstein".
- Tonstein sameAs m.043lhhk.
- Tonstein sameAs Q7821682.
- Tonstein sameAs Q7821682.
- Tonstein sameAs Tonstein.
- Tonstein wasDerivedFrom Tonstein?oldid=603039508.
- Tonstein isPrimaryTopicOf Tonstein.