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- Transketolase abstract "Transketolase is an enzyme of both the pentose phosphate pathway in all organisms and the Calvin cycle of photosynthesis. It catalyzes two important reactions, which operate in opposite directions in these two pathways. In the first reaction of the non-oxidative pentose phosphate pathway, the cofactor thiamine diphosphate accepts a 2-carbon fragment from a 5-carbon ketose (D-xylulose-5-P), then transfers this fragment to a 5-carbon aldose (D-ribose-5-P) to form a 7-carbon ketose (sedoheptulose-7-P). The abstraction of two carbons from D-xylulose-5-P yields the 3-carbon aldose glyceraldehyde-3-P. In the Calvin cycle, transketolase catalyzes the reverse reaction, the conversion of sedoheptulose-7-P and glyceraldehyde-3-P to pentoses, the aldose D-ribose-5-P and the ketose D-xylulose-5-P.The second reaction catalyzed by transketolase in the pentose phosphate pathway involves the same thiamine diphosphate-mediated transfer of a 2-carbon fragment from D-xylulose-5-P to the aldose erythrose-4-phosphate, affording fructose 6-phosphate and glyceraldehyde-3-P. Again, in the Calvin cycle exactly the same reaction occurs, but in the opposite direction. Moreover, in the Calvin cycle this is the first reaction catalyzed by transketolase, rather than the second.In mammals, transketolase connects the pentose phosphate pathway to glycolysis, feeding excess sugar phosphates into the main carbohydrate metabolic pathways. Its presence is necessary for the production of NADPH, especially in tissues actively engaged in biosyntheses, such as fatty acid synthesis by the liver and mammary glands, and for steroid synthesis by the liver and adrenal glands. Thiamine diphosphate is an essential cofactor, along with calcium.Transketolase is abundantly expressed in the mammalian cornea by the stromal keratocytes and epithelial cells and is reputed to be one of the corneal crystallins.".
- Transketolase ecNumber "2.2.1.1".
- Transketolase thumbnail E4P_in_Transketolase_Active_Site.jpg?width=300.
- Transketolase wikiPageID "2679839".
- Transketolase wikiPageRevisionID "593211646".
- Transketolase arm "p".
- Transketolase band "14.3".
- Transketolase casNumber "9014".
- Transketolase chromosome "3".
- Transketolase ecNumber "2.2".
- Transketolase ecnumber "2.2".
- Transketolase entrezgene "7086".
- Transketolase goCode "4802".
- Transketolase hasPhotoCollection Transketolase.
- Transketolase hgncid "11834".
- Transketolase iubmbEcNumber "2".
- Transketolase name "transketolase".
- Transketolase omim "606781".
- Transketolase refseq "NM_001064".
- Transketolase symbol "TKT".
- Transketolase uniprot "P29401".
- Transketolase subject Category:EC_2.2.1.
- Transketolase subject Category:Photosynthesis.
- Transketolase type Biomolecule.
- Transketolase type Enzyme.
- Transketolase type ProteinMolecule.
- Transketolase type BiologicalObject.
- Transketolase comment "Transketolase is an enzyme of both the pentose phosphate pathway in all organisms and the Calvin cycle of photosynthesis. It catalyzes two important reactions, which operate in opposite directions in these two pathways.".
- Transketolase label "Transcetolase".
- Transketolase label "Transchetolasi".
- Transketolase label "Transcétolase".
- Transketolase label "Transketolase".
- Transketolase label "Transketolase".
- Transketolase label "Transketoloaza".
- Transketolase label "トランスケトラーゼ".
- Transketolase sameAs Transketolase.
- Transketolase sameAs Transcétolase.
- Transketolase sameAs Transchetolasi.
- Transketolase sameAs トランスケトラーゼ.
- Transketolase sameAs Transketoloaza.
- Transketolase sameAs Transcetolase.
- Transketolase sameAs m.07xh5b.
- Transketolase sameAs Q412719.
- Transketolase sameAs Q412719.
- Transketolase sameAs 5609.
- Transketolase wasDerivedFrom Transketolase?oldid=593211646.
- Transketolase depiction E4P_in_Transketolase_Active_Site.jpg.
- Transketolase isPrimaryTopicOf Transketolase.
- Transketolase name "transketolase".
