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- Tuatara abstract "The tuatara are reptiles endemic to New Zealand and which, although resembling most lizards, are part of a distinct lineage, order Rhynchocephalia. The two species of tuatara are the only surviving members of their order, which flourished around 200 million years ago. Their most recent common ancestor with any other extant group is with the squamates (lizards and snakes). For this reason, tuatara are of great interest in the study of the evolution of lizards and snakes, and for the reconstruction of the appearance and habits of the earliest diapsids (the group that also includes birds, dinosaurs, and crocodiles).Tuatara are greenish brown and gray, and measure up to 80 cm (31 in) from head to tail-tip and weigh up to 1.3 kg (2.9 lb) with a spiny crest along the back, especially pronounced in males. Their dentition, in which two rows of teeth in the upper jaw overlap one row on the lower jaw, is unique among living species. They are further unusual in having a pronounced photoreceptive eye, the "third eye", which is thought to be involved in setting circadian and seasonal cycles. They are able to hear, although no external ear is present, and have a number of unique features in their skeleton, some of them apparently evolutionarily retained from fish. Although tuatara are sometimes called "living fossils", recent anatomical work has shown they have changed significantly since the Mesozoic era.The name "tuatara" derives from the Māori language, and means "peaks on the back". As with many other Māori loanwords, the plural form is now generally the same as the singular in formal New Zealand English usage. "Tuataras" remains common in less formal speech, particularly among older speakers. The tuatara Sphenodon punctatus has been protected by law since 1895; the second species, S. guntheri, was not recognised until 1989. Tuatara, like many of New Zealand's native animals, are threatened by habitat loss and introduced predators, such as the Polynesian rat (Rattus exulans). They were extinct on the mainland, with the remaining populations confined to 32 offshore islands, until the first mainland release into the heavily fenced and monitored Karori Sanctuary in 2005.During routine maintenance work at Karori Sanctuary in late 2008, a tuatara nest was uncovered, with a hatchling found the following autumn. This is thought to be the first case of tuatara successfully breeding on the New Zealand mainland in over 200 years, outside of captive rearing facilities.".
- Tuatara thumbnail Sphenodon_punctatus_in_Waikanae,_New_Zealand.jpg?width=300.
- Tuatara wikiPageExternalLink 256.
- Tuatara wikiPageExternalLink Taxon.aspx?irn=7307.
- Tuatara wikiPageExternalLink adult.
- Tuatara wikiPageExternalLink tuatara.html.
- Tuatara wikiPageExternalLink Sphenodon_guntheri.
- Tuatara wikiPageExternalLink 18249270.
- Tuatara wikiPageExternalLink Tuatara.aspx.
- Tuatara wikiPageExternalLink animalfacts.php?id=110&name=TUV&ci=5&li=8.
- Tuatara wikiPageExternalLink TSOP21.pdf.
- Tuatara wikiPageExternalLink ?pluginAction=image&slideshowID=1&imageID=35.
- Tuatara wikiPageExternalLink 1121008231.Zo.r.html.
- Tuatara wikiPageExternalLink animals.htm.
- Tuatara wikiPageExternalLink t-tuatara.html.
- Tuatara wikiPageExternalLink tuatara.htm.
- Tuatara wikiPageExternalLink taronga-zoo.aspx.
- Tuatara wikiPageExternalLink en.
- Tuatara wikiPageExternalLink NEWS.
- Tuatara wikiPageExternalLink animals.aspx?id=48.
- Tuatara wikiPageExternalLink ?p=projects.
- Tuatara wikiPageExternalLink tuatara_-_breeding.htm.
- Tuatara wikiPageID "30786".
- Tuatara wikiPageRevisionID "605579894".
- Tuatara authority "Gray, 1831".
- Tuatara fossilRange "Early Cretaceous – Recent,".
- Tuatara hasPhotoCollection Tuatara.
- Tuatara imageCaption "Male northern tuatara".
- Tuatara imageWidth "250".
- Tuatara name "Tuatara".
- Tuatara rangeMap "World.distribution.rhynchocephalia.colour contrast.png".
- Tuatara rangeMapCaption "dark red: range".
- Tuatara rangeMapWidth "250".
- Tuatara subdivision "* S. punctatus * S. guntheri (Buller, 1877) * S. diversum (Colenso, 1885)".
- Tuatara subdivisionRanks Species.
- Tuatara taxon "Sphenodon".
- Tuatara typeSpecies "Sphenodon punctatus".
- Tuatara typeSpeciesAuthority "Evans, 1980".
- Tuatara subject Category:Animals_that_can_change_color.
- Tuatara subject Category:Endemic_fauna_of_New_Zealand.
- Tuatara subject Category:Living_fossils.
- Tuatara subject Category:Māori_culture.
- Tuatara subject Category:Māori_words_and_phrases.
- Tuatara subject Category:Reptiles_of_New_Zealand.
- Tuatara subject Category:Sphenodontia.
- Tuatara type Animal.
- Tuatara type BiologicalLivingObject.
- Tuatara type EukaryoticCell.
- Tuatara type Reptile.
- Tuatara comment "The tuatara are reptiles endemic to New Zealand and which, although resembling most lizards, are part of a distinct lineage, order Rhynchocephalia. The two species of tuatara are the only surviving members of their order, which flourished around 200 million years ago. Their most recent common ancestor with any other extant group is with the squamates (lizards and snakes).".
- Tuatara label "Brughagedissen".
- Tuatara label "Brückenechsen".
- Tuatara label "Hatteria".
- Tuatara label "Sphenodon".
- Tuatara label "Sphenodon".
- Tuatara label "Sphenodon".
- Tuatara label "Tuatara".
- Tuatara label "Tuatara".
- Tuatara label "Гаттерия".
- Tuatara label "طراطرة".
- Tuatara label "ムカシトカゲ".
- Tuatara label "喙頭蜥".
- Tuatara sameAs Hatérie_novozélandská.
- Tuatara sameAs Brückenechsen.
- Tuatara sameAs Sphenodon.
- Tuatara sameAs Tuatara.
- Tuatara sameAs Sphenodon.
- Tuatara sameAs Sphenodon.
- Tuatara sameAs Sphenodon.
- Tuatara sameAs ムカシトカゲ.
- Tuatara sameAs 투아타라.
- Tuatara sameAs Brughagedissen.
- Tuatara sameAs Hatteria.
- Tuatara sameAs Tuatara.
- Tuatara sameAs m.07kvl.
- Tuatara sameAs Q163283.
- Tuatara sameAs Q163283.
- Tuatara wasDerivedFrom Tuatara?oldid=605579894.
- Tuatara depiction Sphenodon_punctatus_in_Waikanae,_New_Zealand.jpg.
- Tuatara isPrimaryTopicOf Tuatara.