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• Wife_selling abstract "Wife selling included the practice of husbands selling their wives, such as to cause divorces, and included sales by parties outside the marriages, such as in chattel slavery.Wife sale has been found in many societies over many centuries and occasionally into modern times, some loci including the United States (including in Hawaii among the Japanese, among Indians in the Gallinomero, Yurok, Carolina, and Florida tribes and in the Pacific Northwest, and among natives on Kodiak Island in what is now Alaska), Colombia, England, Australia (among aborigines), Denmark (possibly), Hungary, France, Germany, India, Japan, Malaya (among Chinese laborers), Thailand (at least permitted), Northern Asia (among the Samoyads), Asia Minor (among the Yourouk), Kafiristan, Indonesia (albeit not outright), Tanganyika, Congo, Bamum, Central Africa (among the Baluba), Zambia, South Africa (among Chinese laborers), Burkina Faso, Ethiopia, Abyssinia, Egypt, Lombardy, ancient Rome (sometimes as a legal fiction and sometimes as actual), ancient Greece, and ancient Emar (of Syria). In Rwanda, it was the subject of a wartime accusation. Specific bans existed in Thailand, Indonesia, ancient Rome, and ancient Israel and partial bans existed in England and Japan. Wife sale was a topic of popular culture in India, the U.S., China, Scandinavia, Nepal, Guatemala, and the Dutch Indies. It has been found under several major religions, including Christianity and Islam.It has had numerous purposes; and in not all sources is wife sale defined. Sometimes, a wife was sold by a husband to a new husband as a means of divorce, in which case sometimes the wife was able to choose who would be her new husband, provided she chose within a certain time period, and especially if the wife was young and sexually attractive. In some societies, the wife could buy her own way out of a marriage or either spouse could have initiated this form of divorce. Reducing a husband's liability for family support and prenuptial debts was another reason for wife sale. Taxes had to be paid sometimes by selling a wife and children, especially when taxes were too high to permit basic survival. Famine leading to starvation was a reason for some sales. Gambling debts could be paid by selling a free or slave wife. A society might not allow a woman the rights reserved to men regarding spouse sale and a society might deny her any rights if her husband chose to sell her, even a right of refusal. A divorce by mutual consent but without good faith by the wife at times caused the divorce to be void and she could then be sold. A husband might sell his wife and then go to court seeking compensation for the new man's adultery with the wife. By one law, adultery was given as a justification for a husband selling his wife into concubinage. A free wife might be sold into slavery, such as if she had married a serf or her husband had been murdered. Sometimes, a slave-master sold an enslaved wife. Enslaved families were often broken up and wives, husbands, and children sold to separate buyers, often never to see each other again, and a threat to sell a wife was used to keep an enslaved husband under a master's discipline. In wartime, one side might, possibly falsely, accuse the other of wife sale as a method of spying. A wife could also be treated as revenue and seized by the local government because a man had died leaving no heirs. Wife sale was sometimes the description for the sale of a wife's services; it might be for a term of years followed by freedom. If a sale was temporary, in some cases wife sale was considered temporary only in that the sold-and-remarried wife would, upon her death, be reunited with her first husband.Constraints existed in law and practice and there were criticisms. Some societies specifically forbade wife sales, even imposing death upon husbands violating the law, but a legal proscription was sometimes avoided or evaded, such as by arranging an adoption with a payment and an outcome similar to that of a sale. A society might tax or fine a wife sale without banning it. The nearness of a foreign military sometimes constrained a master in a slave sale that otherwise would have divided a family. Among criticisms, some of the sales (not of services alone but entirely of wives) have been likened to sales of horses. Wives for sale were treated like capital assets or commodities. One law made wives into husbands' chattels. Other sales were described as brutal, patriarchal, and feudalistic. Wife sales were equated with slavery. One debate about the whole of Africa was whether Africans viewed the practice as no crime at all or as against what Africans thought valuable and dear. Some modern popular songs against wife sale are vehicles for urban antipoverty and feminist organizing for rights. A story in a popular collection written by a feminist was about a suggestion for wife sale and the wife's objection to discussing it followed by no wife sale occurring. Another story is about a feminist advocate for justice in which a husband is censored or censured for selling his wife in a gamble.".
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• Wife_selling wikiPageRevisionID "606064544".
• Wife_selling hasPhotoCollection Wife_selling.
• Wife_selling subject Category:11th-century_Roman_Catholicism.
• Wife_selling subject Category:12th_century_in_Hungary.
• Wife_selling subject Category:1950s_in_Tanganyika.
• Wife_selling subject Category:2nd_millennium_BC_in_Syria.
• Wife_selling subject Category:Alaska_Native_ethnic_groups.
• Wife_selling subject Category:Ancient_Roman_culture.
• Wife_selling subject Category:Ancient_Thebans.
• Wife_selling subject Category:Babylon.
• Wife_selling subject Category:British_Malaya.
• Wife_selling subject Category:Burkinabé_women.
• Wife_selling subject Category:Chinese_emigrants_to_South_Africa.
• Wife_selling subject Category:Chinese_law.
• Wife_selling subject Category:Chinese_women.
• Wife_selling subject Category:Christianity_of_the_Middle_Ages.
• Wife_selling subject Category:Colonial_Colombia.
• Wife_selling subject Category:Divorce.
• Wife_selling subject Category:Divorce_in_Islam.
• Wife_selling subject Category:Dutch_East_Indies.
• Wife_selling subject Category:Edo_period.
• Wife_selling subject Category:Family_law.
• Wife_selling subject Category:Feminism_and_the_family.
• Wife_selling subject Category:Folklore_of_the_Southern_United_States.
• Wife_selling subject Category:Guatemalan_folklore.
• Wife_selling subject Category:History_of_Australia_(1851–1900).
• Wife_selling subject Category:History_of_Cameroon.
• Wife_selling subject Category:History_of_Lombardy.
• Wife_selling subject Category:History_of_Rwanda.
• Wife_selling subject Category:History_of_women_in_the_United_States.
• Wife_selling subject Category:Household_behavior_and_family_economics.
• Wife_selling subject Category:Japanese_emigrants_to_the_United_States.
• Wife_selling subject Category:Judeo-Christian_topics.
• Wife_selling subject Category:Legal_codes.
• Wife_selling subject Category:Legal_history_of_Denmark.
• Wife_selling subject Category:Legal_history_of_Japan.
• Wife_selling subject Category:Medieval_France.
• Wife_selling subject Category:Medieval_law.
• Wife_selling subject Category:Medieval_women.
• Wife_selling subject Category:Misogyny.
• Wife_selling subject Category:Native_American_history.
• Wife_selling subject Category:Nepalese_culture.
• Wife_selling subject Category:Poverty_activism.
• Wife_selling subject Category:Pre-emancipation_African-American_history.
• Wife_selling subject Category:Scandinavian_folklore.
• Wife_selling subject Category:Slave_trade.
• Wife_selling subject Category:Social_history_of_China.
• Wife_selling subject Category:Social_history_of_Germany.
• Wife_selling subject Category:Territory_of_Hawaii.
• Wife_selling subject Category:Women's_rights_in_Africa.
• Wife_selling subject Category:Women's_rights_in_India.
• Wife_selling subject Category:Women_in_Egypt.
• Wife_selling subject Category:Women_in_Ethiopia.
• Wife_selling subject Category:Yurok.
• Wife_selling subject Category:Zambian_women.
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• Wife_selling type ChineseWomen.
• Wife_selling type Female109619168.
• Wife_selling type LivingThing100004258.
• Wife_selling type MedievalWomen.
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• Wife_selling type YagoLegalActor.
• Wife_selling type YagoLegalActorGeo.
• Wife_selling comment "Wife selling included the practice of husbands selling their wives, such as to cause divorces, and included sales by parties outside the marriages, such as in chattel slavery.Wife sale has been found in many societies over many centuries and occasionally into modern times, some loci including the United States (including in Hawaii among the Japanese, among Indians in the Gallinomero, Yurok, Carolina, and Florida tribes and in the Pacific Northwest, and among natives on Kodiak Island in what is now Alaska), Colombia, England, Australia (among aborigines), Denmark (possibly), Hungary, France, Germany, India, Japan, Malaya (among Chinese laborers), Thailand (at least permitted), Northern Asia (among the Samoyads), Asia Minor (among the Yourouk), Kafiristan, Indonesia (albeit not outright), Tanganyika, Congo, Bamum, Central Africa (among the Baluba), Zambia, South Africa (among Chinese laborers), Burkina Faso, Ethiopia, Abyssinia, Egypt, Lombardy, ancient Rome (sometimes as a legal fiction and sometimes as actual), ancient Greece, and ancient Emar (of Syria). ".
• Wife_selling label "Wife selling".
• Wife_selling label "بيع الزوجات".
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• Wife_selling sameAs Q7999477.
• Wife_selling sameAs Q7999477.
• Wife_selling sameAs Wife_selling.
• Wife_selling wasDerivedFrom Wife_selling?oldid=606064544.
• Wife_selling isPrimaryTopicOf Wife_selling.