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• catalog contributor b3974924.
• catalog created "1893.".
• catalog date "1893".
• catalog date "1893.".
• catalog dateCopyrighted "1893.".
• catalog description "I. The Roman Empire -- The assistance given by the Roman Empire to Christianity -- 1. The geographical limits of the empire -- 2. The unity of the empire -- Unity of government secured by imperial rule -- The emperor and the Roman Senate -- The Roman peace -- The unity of law -- Unity promoted by fusion of language and race -- 3. The influence of religion -- Vitality of religion -- decline among the educated -- revival of the ancient religions -- universal belief in the marvellous -- witness of skeptical writers to the supernatural -- Developments of the Old Roman religion -- Blending of new worships -- Their deeper moral significance -- Religious associations -- 4. Influence of philosophy -- Philosophers as teachers and preachers -- Their practical aims -- Stoicism -- its earlier forms in Greece -- how modified when transplanted to Rome -- its humanity -- Platonism, as represented by Plutarch -- Neo-Platonism -- 5. Summary of results".
• catalog description "II. The Christian mission -- 1. Why the Christian mission travelled westwards -- The empire lay west of Palestine -- The Jews had prepared the way -- 2. The Jews in the dispersion -- Their social state -- Their legal position -- Jewish proselytes -- 3. The spread of Christianity during the first century -- Jerusalem and Antioch -- The new name -- St. Paul, St. Peter, and St. John -- The Apostolic age -- 4. Advance in the next two centuries -- In the East -- Asia Minor -- Greece -- Egypt -- Rome and Italy -- Africa -- Gaul -- Spain, Germany, Britain -- 5. How churches began -- 6. Numbers of the Christians".
• catalog description "III. The legal position of Christianity: the persecutions -- 1. General antipathy to the Christian religion -- In what sense polytheism is tolerant -- The charge of atheism -- Secrecy of Christian assemblies -- Contempt of the educated -- 2. Christianity illegal -- As a new religion, and a system of magic -- As sacrilegious and treasonable -- As contravening the law against clubs -- 3. Varying rigour of the magistrates -- The emperors and Christianity -- Peculiarity of the Christian position -- 4. The three periods of persecution -- The first period -- The Christians hardly distinguished from the Jews -- Nero: A.D. 64 -- Local and accidental character of the persecution -- Domitian and Nerva, A.D. 81-96, 96-98 -- 6. The second period -- Pliny's report and Trajan's answer, A.D. 112 -- Pliny in Bithynia -- Trajan's rescript -- Significance of his policy -- Hadrian, A.D. 117-138 -- Martyrdoms under Antoninus Pius, A.D. 138-161 -- Marcus Aurelius, A.D. 161-180 -- His reasons for persecution -- Altered policy under Commodus, A.D. 180-193 -- Changed political system -- Septimius Severus began a military despotism, A.D. 193-211 -- His treatment of the Christians -- Friendly feeling of emperors of Eastern origin -- Blending of religious under Elagabalus, A.D. 218-222 -- Alexander Severus, A.D. 222-235 -- 7. The third period -- Decius, A.D. 249-251 -- His increased severity -- Political reasons for conflict with Christians -- Effects on the Christians -- The successors of Decius -- Forty years of peace -- The last effort to stamp out Christianity -- Diocletian, A.D. 284 -- Galerius, and the division of the administration -- Beginning of the persecution, A.D. 303 -- Its duration and extent -- With the abdication of Diocletian, A.D. 305, the unity of the empire ceased -- Consequent variations in the intensity of the persecution -- The Edicts of Toleration -- 8. The peace of the church".
• catalog description "IV. The learned defence of Christianity -- 1. Changes in the second century -- Growth of external unity -- Contrast with the spontaneous unity of the early church -- 2. Influence of Greek converts -- Fruitfulness of Greek ideas -- Translation into terms of Greek thought -- The question of educated converts -- The search for theory and system -- The passage from speculation to orthodoxy -- 3. Philosophic treatment of Judaism -- Philo expounds the Old Testament with the help of Greek thought -- His need of a doctrine of the origin of the world -- The ancient Hebrews did not discuss philosophical questions -- The "words" of God in nature -- The corruptible and the incorruptible life -- The system of allegorical interpretation -- 4. The apologists as Christian philosophers -- Need of justifying Christianity to the Jews -- Changed reasoning in addressing the Greeks -- The first apologists and philosophy -- 5. The chief apologists -- Justin the Martyr -- Tatian; Athenagoras; Minucius Felix -- 6. Their attitude to Judaism -- Treatment of the Law -- They brought revelation to confirm the conclusions of philosophy -- 7. Justin and the doctrine of the Logos -- The Logos enlightened Greeks and Hebrews -- Born into personal existence; identified with Christ -- The organ of revelation from the beginning -- Advantages of Christianity as a revealed religion -- The Greeks derived wisdom from the Jewish scriptures -- How Justin mingled philosophy with religion -- The attitude of the other apologists to Greek philosophy -- And to revelation -- 8. Preparation for a dogmatic system -- The apologists were the fathers of theology -- Their view of Christian dogma -- The dogmatic system still in the germ -- Subsequent restriction of the scope of philosophy -- The apologists erected no articles of faith -- Their theology heretical when judged by later standards".
• catalog description "Includes bibliographical references.".
• catalog description "V. Changed aspects of Christianity -- 1. Twofold unity of creed and organization -- 2. Altered relations to Judaism -- Debt of the Catholic to the Jewish church -- Distinction between the moral and the ceremonial law -- Why the controversy about the Law died away -- Permanent value of its rules of morality -- Contrast with the position of St. Paul -- 3. New prominence of morality -- Morality and religion: Jesus and Epicetus -- The New Law: salvation by works -- Ascetical character of Christian morality -- Views of marriage -- Consequent dangers -- 4. Decay of the expectation of Christ's Second Coming -- The belief among the early Christians -- Declines under the influence of the Greek spirit".
• catalog description "VI. The attempt to make Christianity an intellectual system -- 1. Dangers arising from contact with Greek thought -- Tendencies to divisions and sects -- How counteracted by the rise of the Catholic church -- 2. The extreme intellectualism of the Gnostics -- The Eastern Gnostics: Simon the Samaritan magician -- The Alexandrian Gnostics -- The Gnostics compared with the apologists -- 3. General characteristics of Gnosticism -- based on the opposition of matter and spirit -- Hostility to Judaism -- Attempt to allegorise the gospel history -- Transformation of the theory of redemption -- Aversion to the Jewish Millennium -- Limited number who could be saved -- The threefold discipline -- 4. Marcion -- His religious aim -- His New Testament -- The weak point in his system".
• catalog description "VII. The rise of the Catholic Church -- 1. Organization of the early churches -- No officials charged with the duty of teaching -- Bishops and deacons: presbyters or "elders" -- Concentration of authority in the bishops -- The bishop or presbyter becomes a teacher -- The bishops as successors of the apostles -- 2. The world-wide federation of the bishops -- Growth of a politico-religious union reflecting the civil constitution of the empire -- The foundations of the primacy of Rome -- 3. The work of the new church -- The bishops enforce the "rule of faith" -- The canon of the New Testament -- The apostolic tradition replaced the sense of present inspiration -- 4. Growth of speculative theology -- The earliest "rule of faith" says nothing of the deity of Christ -- New doctrinal questions started -- Protests in favour of the sole Godhead of the Father -- Identity of Christ with the Father -- Paul of Samosata -- Change in the basis of Christian union -- 5. Christian mysteries -- Analogies between Catholic worship and the mysteries -- Baptism -- The Eucharist -- The Christian priesthood -- 6. The relaxation of discipline -- Decline of rigour: Novatian's protest -- Monachism as a reaction against the domination of the priesthood".
• catalog description "VIII. Impending triumph of the mixed system -- 1. Foreign elements brought into Christianity -- Adaptation of ideas of morality and philosophy -- Greek rhetoric and the Christian sermon -- Civilization of the empire handed on through the church -- Compromise with the polytheism of the empire -- 2. Intrinsic strength of Christianity -- Mere adaptation insufficient to explain the church's triumph -- Superiority of historic fact to speculation -- The manifestation of a divine life -- Counter attempt to produce a philosophic ideal: Apollonius of Tyana -- 3. The power of Christianity over the heart -- Compared with the Stoic morality -- As a religion for all classes and grades of education -- As the religion of the poor -- 4. Limitations to the efficacy of Christianity -- Defects of Christian morality -- Nevertheless superior to the average morality -- Bad effects of dogma chiefly confined to its constructors -- The canon of the New Testament preserved Christianity from complete corruption -- Appendix A: Table of Roman Emperors -- Appendix B: Chief points in the church history of the first three centuries -- Appendix C: Heathen writers -- Christian literature.".
• catalog extent "xiv, 221 p. ;".
• catalog hasFormat "Christianity and the Roman empire.".
• catalog isFormatOf "Christianity and the Roman empire.".
• catalog isPartOf "Manuals of early Christian history".
• catalog issued "1893".
• catalog issued "1893.".
• catalog language "eng".
• catalog publisher "London : Sunday School Association,".
• catalog relation "Christianity and the Roman empire.".
• catalog subject "BR170 .A32".
• catalog subject "Church history Primitive and early church, approximately 30-600.".
• catalog subject "Church history Primitive and early church, ca. 30-600.".
• catalog tableOfContents "I. The Roman Empire -- The assistance given by the Roman Empire to Christianity -- 1. The geographical limits of the empire -- 2. The unity of the empire -- Unity of government secured by imperial rule -- The emperor and the Roman Senate -- The Roman peace -- The unity of law -- Unity promoted by fusion of language and race -- 3. The influence of religion -- Vitality of religion -- decline among the educated -- revival of the ancient religions -- universal belief in the marvellous -- witness of skeptical writers to the supernatural -- Developments of the Old Roman religion -- Blending of new worships -- Their deeper moral significance -- Religious associations -- 4. Influence of philosophy -- Philosophers as teachers and preachers -- Their practical aims -- Stoicism -- its earlier forms in Greece -- how modified when transplanted to Rome -- its humanity -- Platonism, as represented by Plutarch -- Neo-Platonism -- 5. Summary of results".
• catalog tableOfContents "II. The Christian mission -- 1. Why the Christian mission travelled westwards -- The empire lay west of Palestine -- The Jews had prepared the way -- 2. The Jews in the dispersion -- Their social state -- Their legal position -- Jewish proselytes -- 3. The spread of Christianity during the first century -- Jerusalem and Antioch -- The new name -- St. Paul, St. Peter, and St. John -- The Apostolic age -- 4. Advance in the next two centuries -- In the East -- Asia Minor -- Greece -- Egypt -- Rome and Italy -- Africa -- Gaul -- Spain, Germany, Britain -- 5. How churches began -- 6. Numbers of the Christians".
• catalog tableOfContents "III. The legal position of Christianity: the persecutions -- 1. General antipathy to the Christian religion -- In what sense polytheism is tolerant -- The charge of atheism -- Secrecy of Christian assemblies -- Contempt of the educated -- 2. Christianity illegal -- As a new religion, and a system of magic -- As sacrilegious and treasonable -- As contravening the law against clubs -- 3. Varying rigour of the magistrates -- The emperors and Christianity -- Peculiarity of the Christian position -- 4. The three periods of persecution -- The first period -- The Christians hardly distinguished from the Jews -- Nero: A.D. 64 -- Local and accidental character of the persecution -- Domitian and Nerva, A.D. 81-96, 96-98 -- 6. The second period -- Pliny's report and Trajan's answer, A.D. 112 -- Pliny in Bithynia -- Trajan's rescript -- Significance of his policy -- Hadrian, A.D. 117-138 -- Martyrdoms under Antoninus Pius, A.D. 138-161 -- Marcus Aurelius, A.D. 161-180 -- His reasons for persecution -- Altered policy under Commodus, A.D. 180-193 -- Changed political system -- Septimius Severus began a military despotism, A.D. 193-211 -- His treatment of the Christians -- Friendly feeling of emperors of Eastern origin -- Blending of religious under Elagabalus, A.D. 218-222 -- Alexander Severus, A.D. 222-235 -- 7. The third period -- Decius, A.D. 249-251 -- His increased severity -- Political reasons for conflict with Christians -- Effects on the Christians -- The successors of Decius -- Forty years of peace -- The last effort to stamp out Christianity -- Diocletian, A.D. 284 -- Galerius, and the division of the administration -- Beginning of the persecution, A.D. 303 -- Its duration and extent -- With the abdication of Diocletian, A.D. 305, the unity of the empire ceased -- Consequent variations in the intensity of the persecution -- The Edicts of Toleration -- 8. The peace of the church".
• catalog tableOfContents "IV. The learned defence of Christianity -- 1. Changes in the second century -- Growth of external unity -- Contrast with the spontaneous unity of the early church -- 2. Influence of Greek converts -- Fruitfulness of Greek ideas -- Translation into terms of Greek thought -- The question of educated converts -- The search for theory and system -- The passage from speculation to orthodoxy -- 3. Philosophic treatment of Judaism -- Philo expounds the Old Testament with the help of Greek thought -- His need of a doctrine of the origin of the world -- The ancient Hebrews did not discuss philosophical questions -- The "words" of God in nature -- The corruptible and the incorruptible life -- The system of allegorical interpretation -- 4. The apologists as Christian philosophers -- Need of justifying Christianity to the Jews -- Changed reasoning in addressing the Greeks -- The first apologists and philosophy -- 5. The chief apologists -- Justin the Martyr -- Tatian; Athenagoras; Minucius Felix -- 6. Their attitude to Judaism -- Treatment of the Law -- They brought revelation to confirm the conclusions of philosophy -- 7. Justin and the doctrine of the Logos -- The Logos enlightened Greeks and Hebrews -- Born into personal existence; identified with Christ -- The organ of revelation from the beginning -- Advantages of Christianity as a revealed religion -- The Greeks derived wisdom from the Jewish scriptures -- How Justin mingled philosophy with religion -- The attitude of the other apologists to Greek philosophy -- And to revelation -- 8. Preparation for a dogmatic system -- The apologists were the fathers of theology -- Their view of Christian dogma -- The dogmatic system still in the germ -- Subsequent restriction of the scope of philosophy -- The apologists erected no articles of faith -- Their theology heretical when judged by later standards".
• catalog tableOfContents "V. Changed aspects of Christianity -- 1. Twofold unity of creed and organization -- 2. Altered relations to Judaism -- Debt of the Catholic to the Jewish church -- Distinction between the moral and the ceremonial law -- Why the controversy about the Law died away -- Permanent value of its rules of morality -- Contrast with the position of St. Paul -- 3. New prominence of morality -- Morality and religion: Jesus and Epicetus -- The New Law: salvation by works -- Ascetical character of Christian morality -- Views of marriage -- Consequent dangers -- 4. Decay of the expectation of Christ's Second Coming -- The belief among the early Christians -- Declines under the influence of the Greek spirit".
• catalog tableOfContents "VI. The attempt to make Christianity an intellectual system -- 1. Dangers arising from contact with Greek thought -- Tendencies to divisions and sects -- How counteracted by the rise of the Catholic church -- 2. The extreme intellectualism of the Gnostics -- The Eastern Gnostics: Simon the Samaritan magician -- The Alexandrian Gnostics -- The Gnostics compared with the apologists -- 3. General characteristics of Gnosticism -- based on the opposition of matter and spirit -- Hostility to Judaism -- Attempt to allegorise the gospel history -- Transformation of the theory of redemption -- Aversion to the Jewish Millennium -- Limited number who could be saved -- The threefold discipline -- 4. Marcion -- His religious aim -- His New Testament -- The weak point in his system".
• catalog tableOfContents "VII. The rise of the Catholic Church -- 1. Organization of the early churches -- No officials charged with the duty of teaching -- Bishops and deacons: presbyters or "elders" -- Concentration of authority in the bishops -- The bishop or presbyter becomes a teacher -- The bishops as successors of the apostles -- 2. The world-wide federation of the bishops -- Growth of a politico-religious union reflecting the civil constitution of the empire -- The foundations of the primacy of Rome -- 3. The work of the new church -- The bishops enforce the "rule of faith" -- The canon of the New Testament -- The apostolic tradition replaced the sense of present inspiration -- 4. Growth of speculative theology -- The earliest "rule of faith" says nothing of the deity of Christ -- New doctrinal questions started -- Protests in favour of the sole Godhead of the Father -- Identity of Christ with the Father -- Paul of Samosata -- Change in the basis of Christian union -- 5. Christian mysteries -- Analogies between Catholic worship and the mysteries -- Baptism -- The Eucharist -- The Christian priesthood -- 6. The relaxation of discipline -- Decline of rigour: Novatian's protest -- Monachism as a reaction against the domination of the priesthood".
• catalog tableOfContents "VIII. Impending triumph of the mixed system -- 1. Foreign elements brought into Christianity -- Adaptation of ideas of morality and philosophy -- Greek rhetoric and the Christian sermon -- Civilization of the empire handed on through the church -- Compromise with the polytheism of the empire -- 2. Intrinsic strength of Christianity -- Mere adaptation insufficient to explain the church's triumph -- Superiority of historic fact to speculation -- The manifestation of a divine life -- Counter attempt to produce a philosophic ideal: Apollonius of Tyana -- 3. The power of Christianity over the heart -- Compared with the Stoic morality -- As a religion for all classes and grades of education -- As the religion of the poor -- 4. Limitations to the efficacy of Christianity -- Defects of Christian morality -- Nevertheless superior to the average morality -- Bad effects of dogma chiefly confined to its constructors -- The canon of the New Testament preserved Christianity from complete corruption -- Appendix A: Table of Roman Emperors -- Appendix B: Chief points in the church history of the first three centuries -- Appendix C: Heathen writers -- Christian literature.".
• catalog title "Christianity and the Roman empire / by W. E. Addis.".
• catalog type "text".