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• catalog abstract ""The billfishes (Istiophoridae) are important to man in several respects. They are the basis of certain locally important fisheries and are important adjuncts to other large fisheries, such as Japanese longline fishery. At present, five species of Istiophoridae are recognized in the Pacific. Istiophorid fishes were described as early as 1844. Since that time, many nominal species have been described. Many are based on a single specimen, or even second-hand information. As a result, there has been, and to some extent still is, considerable taxonomic and nomenclatural confusion. Taxonomic methods and techniques that have been applied to Istiophoridae are restricted largely to morphometric and meristic characters. Internal characters and comparison of larval and juvenile development have been employed to a lesser extent, and biochemical characters still less. The need for further work employing modern techniques is pointed out. Because of the interests and needs of sport and commercial fishermen, the English and Japanese common names have a long history and are now fairly well standardized. The standard English and Japanese common names and the suggested scientific names are as follows: Pacific sailfish, bashokajiki, Istiophorus gladius (Bloch); shortbill spearfish, furaikajiki, Tetrapturus angustirostris Tanaka; striped marlin, majajiki, Tetrapturus audax Philippi; blue marlin, kurojiki, Makaira nigricans Lacépède; black marlin, shirokajiki, Makaira indica (Cuvier). It is felt there is insufficient phylogenetic evidence bearing on the question of higher taxonomic categories to construct a sound hierarchy. The best system based on present information is to divide the family into three genera (Istiophorus, Tetrapturus, and Makaira) as proposed by Robins and de Sylva (1960 : 403). Istiophroidae occur over the entire Pacific between 40° N and 40° S latitudes, although the area occupied in greatest abundance differs for each species. Black marlin and sailfish have their greatest abundance near land masses and striped marline, blue marlin and shortbill spearfish occur more commonly in the open sea. The striped marlin is distributed in a horseshoe-shaped pattern. Those as the apex of the horseshoe, the Eastern Pacific, are believed to be closely related to those in the South Pacific. Northern and southern populations appear distinct, though some interchange may occur. The blue marlin is characterized by having its greatest density on the periphery of the area, the Indo-Australian area and the Eastern Pacific. It is sparse in open sea areas. The sailfish is most abundant near the Solomon Islands, New Guinea, the Caroline Islands, in the Kuroshio Current and along the coast of Central America. Data was scarce for shortbill spearfish. Its density appears highest in the areas where distributions of striped marlin and blue marlin overlap"--Page 1-2.".
• catalog contributor b7275816.
• catalog contributor b7275817.
• catalog created "1965.".
• catalog date "1965".
• catalog date "1965.".
• catalog dateCopyrighted "1965.".
• catalog description ""The billfishes (Istiophoridae) are important to man in several respects. They are the basis of certain locally important fisheries and are important adjuncts to other large fisheries, such as Japanese longline fishery. At present, five species of Istiophoridae are recognized in the Pacific. Istiophorid fishes were described as early as 1844. Since that time, many nominal species have been described. Many are based on a single specimen, or even second-hand information. As a result, there has been, and to some extent still is, considerable taxonomic and nomenclatural confusion. Taxonomic methods and techniques that have been applied to Istiophoridae are restricted largely to morphometric and meristic characters. Internal characters and comparison of larval and juvenile development have been employed to a lesser extent, and biochemical characters still less. The need for further work employing modern techniques is pointed out. ".
• catalog description "Because of the interests and needs of sport and commercial fishermen, the English and Japanese common names have a long history and are now fairly well standardized. The standard English and Japanese common names and the suggested scientific names are as follows: Pacific sailfish, bashokajiki, Istiophorus gladius (Bloch); shortbill spearfish, furaikajiki, Tetrapturus angustirostris Tanaka; striped marlin, majajiki, Tetrapturus audax Philippi; blue marlin, kurojiki, Makaira nigricans Lacépède; black marlin, shirokajiki, Makaira indica (Cuvier). It is felt there is insufficient phylogenetic evidence bearing on the question of higher taxonomic categories to construct a sound hierarchy. The best system based on present information is to divide the family into three genera (Istiophorus, Tetrapturus, and Makaira) as proposed by Robins and de Sylva (1960 : 403). ".
• catalog description "Introduction, by J.K. Howard.--Distribution, by J.K. Howard and S. Ueyanagi. Bibliography (p. 116-134).".
• catalog description "Istiophroidae occur over the entire Pacific between 40° N and 40° S latitudes, although the area occupied in greatest abundance differs for each species. Black marlin and sailfish have their greatest abundance near land masses and striped marline, blue marlin and shortbill spearfish occur more commonly in the open sea. The striped marlin is distributed in a horseshoe-shaped pattern. Those as the apex of the horseshoe, the Eastern Pacific, are believed to be closely related to those in the South Pacific. Northern and southern populations appear distinct, though some interchange may occur. The blue marlin is characterized by having its greatest density on the periphery of the area, the Indo-Australian area and the Eastern Pacific. It is sparse in open sea areas. The sailfish is most abundant near the Solomon Islands, New Guinea, the Caroline Islands, in the Kuroshio Current and along the coast of Central America. Data was scarce for shortbill spearfish. ".
• catalog description "Its density appears highest in the areas where distributions of striped marlin and blue marlin overlap"--Page 1-2.".
• catalog extent "ix, 134 p.".
• catalog hasFormat "Distribution and relative abundance of billfishes (Istiophoridae) of the Pacific Ocean.".
• catalog isFormatOf "Distribution and relative abundance of billfishes (Istiophoridae) of the Pacific Ocean.".
• catalog isPartOf "Studies in tropical oceanography, no. 2".
• catalog issued "1965".
• catalog issued "1965.".
• catalog language "eng".
• catalog publisher "[Coral Gables, Fla.] University of Miami Press,".
• catalog relation "Distribution and relative abundance of billfishes (Istiophoridae) of the Pacific Ocean.".
• catalog spatial "Pacific Ocean".
• catalog spatial "Pacific Ocean.".
• catalog subject "Billfishes.".
• catalog subject "Fishes Pacific Ocean".
• catalog subject "Fishes Pacific Ocean.".
• catalog subject "QH91.A1 S8 no. 2".
• catalog subject "QL 638.I88 H849d 1965".
• catalog tableOfContents "Introduction, by J.K. Howard.--Distribution, by J.K. Howard and S. Ueyanagi. Bibliography (p. 116-134).".
• catalog title "Distribution and relative abundance of billfishes (Istiophoridae) of the Pacific Ocean, by John K. Howard and Shoji Ueyanagi.".
• catalog type "text".