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catalog abstract "Since its inception in World War II, the clinical trial has evolved into a standard procedure in determining therapeutic efficacy in many Western industrial democracies. Its features include a "control" group of patients that do not receive the experimental treatment, the random allocation of patients to either the experimental or control group, and the use of blind assessment so that the researchers do not know which patients are in either group. Even though it has been only within the past generation that the clinical trial has moved to the forefront of medical research, comparative statistics in a therapeutic context has a much longer history. From that history J. Rosser Matthews chooses to discuss three crucial debates: that among clinicians before the Parisian Academy of Medicine in 1837, the debate in the German physiological literature during the 1850s, and, in the early twentieth century, the debate over the bacteriologist's diagnostic technique involving the "opsonic index." Matthews demonstrates that despite the very real differences separating clinician, physiologist, and bacteriologist, they all shared an antipathy toward the methods of the statistician. Since they viewed medical judgment as a form of "tacit knowledge," they downplayed the concerns of the medical statistician who was attempting to make medical inference into something explicit and quantitative. Only when "medical decision-making" moved from the cloistered confines of professional medical expertise into the arena of open political debate could the medical statistician (and the clinical trial) gain the upper hand.".
catalog contributor b8181054.
catalog created "c1995.".
catalog date "1995".
catalog date "c1995.".
catalog dateCopyrighted "c1995.".
catalog description "Ch. 1. Probable Knowledge in the Parisian Scientific and Medical Communities during the French Revolution -- Ch. 2. Louis's "Numerical Method" in Early-Nineteenth-Century Parisian Medicine: The Rhetoric of Quantification -- Ch. 3. Nineteenth-Century Critics of Gavarret's Probabilistic Approach -- Ch. 4. The Legacy of Louis and the Rise of Physiology Contrasting Visions of Medical "Objectivity" -- Ch. 5. The British Biometrical School and Bacteriology: The Creation of Major Greenwood as a Medical Statistician -- Ch. 6. The Birth of the Modern Clinical Trial: The Central Role of the Medical Research Council -- Ch. 7. A. Bradford Hill and the Rise of the Clinical Trial.".
catalog description "Includes bibliographical references (p. [177]-189) and index.".
catalog description "Rosser Matthews chooses to discuss three crucial debates: that among clinicians before the Parisian Academy of Medicine in 1837, the debate in the German physiological literature during the 1850s, and, in the early twentieth century, the debate over the bacteriologist's diagnostic technique involving the "opsonic index." Matthews demonstrates that despite the very real differences separating clinician, physiologist, and bacteriologist, they all shared an antipathy toward the methods of the statistician. Since they viewed medical judgment as a form of "tacit knowledge," they downplayed the concerns of the medical statistician who was attempting to make medical inference into something explicit and quantitative. Only when "medical decision-making" moved from the cloistered confines of professional medical expertise into the arena of open political debate could the medical statistician (and the clinical trial) gain the upper hand.".
catalog description "Since its inception in World War II, the clinical trial has evolved into a standard procedure in determining therapeutic efficacy in many Western industrial democracies. Its features include a "control" group of patients that do not receive the experimental treatment, the random allocation of patients to either the experimental or control group, and the use of blind assessment so that the researchers do not know which patients are in either group. Even though it has been only within the past generation that the clinical trial has moved to the forefront of medical research, comparative statistics in a therapeutic context has a much longer history. From that history J.".
catalog extent "x, 195 p. ;".
catalog hasFormat "Quantification and the quest for medical certainty.".
catalog identifier "0691037949 (cloth : acid-free paper)".
catalog identifier "9781400812639 (electronic bk.)".
catalog isFormatOf "Quantification and the quest for medical certainty.".
catalog issued "1995".
catalog issued "c1995.".
catalog language "eng".
catalog publisher "Princeton, N.J. : Princeton University Press,".
catalog relation "Quantification and the quest for medical certainty.".
catalog subject "619/.09 20".
catalog subject "Clinical Trials History.".
catalog subject "Clinical Trials as Topic history.".
catalog subject "Clinical trials History.".
catalog subject "History of Medicine, Modern.".
catalog subject "History, Modern 1601-".
catalog subject "Medicine Research Statistical methods History.".
catalog subject "Probability.".
catalog subject "R853.C55 M38 1995".
catalog subject "WZ 55 M439g 1995".
catalog tableOfContents "Ch. 1. Probable Knowledge in the Parisian Scientific and Medical Communities during the French Revolution -- Ch. 2. Louis's "Numerical Method" in Early-Nineteenth-Century Parisian Medicine: The Rhetoric of Quantification -- Ch. 3. Nineteenth-Century Critics of Gavarret's Probabilistic Approach -- Ch. 4. The Legacy of Louis and the Rise of Physiology Contrasting Visions of Medical "Objectivity" -- Ch. 5. The British Biometrical School and Bacteriology: The Creation of Major Greenwood as a Medical Statistician -- Ch. 6. The Birth of the Modern Clinical Trial: The Central Role of the Medical Research Council -- Ch. 7. A. Bradford Hill and the Rise of the Clinical Trial.".
catalog title "Quantification and the quest for medical certainty / J. Rosser Matthews.".
catalog type "History. fast".
catalog type "text".