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• catalog abstract "F. Todd Smith's new narrative picks up the story of these tribes begun in his volume The Caddo Indians: Tribes at the Convergence of Empires, 1542-1854. Their relations with the United States government, the state of Texas (whose role in Indian policy was distinctive because of its previous status as a sovereign nation), and officials of Indian Territory, as well as their ongoing struggles with other tribes similarly being forced from traditional lands, make compelling reading. Smith documents the process by which the Caddos and Wichitas increasingly lost control of their own fate and came to be governed by the whim of the federal government. Smith relates the political history of the two tribes, details life and agricultural work on the reservation, chronicles federal attempts to introduce an education system to the Indians, and traces the effect of hostile tribes and unscrupulous whites on the reservation experiment. Using primary documents, he traces the history of the Wichitas and Caddos through the Civil War, when they were forced to take refuge in Union-controlled Kansas, to the sharing of reservation land with their former enemies, the Kiowas and Comanches. He describes in detail the efforts of the two tribes to adapt to white ways, developing a life within the confines of the reservation experience that borrowed from Euro-American culture while retaining many of their own traditions. Throughout the book, Smith convincingly analyzes how the successful adaptation of the tribes to white demands itself undermined their power and future. In the end, Smith shows, the Caddos and Wichitas used the Euro-American legal system to fight the last battle - unsuccessfully - losing the very basis of tribal life, shared land.".
• catalog contributor b10160341.
• catalog coverage "United States Race relations.".
• catalog created "c1996.".
• catalog date "1996".
• catalog date "c1996.".
• catalog dateCopyrighted "c1996.".
• catalog description "Ch. 1. Through the Treaty of Council Springs -- Ch. 2. Searching for a Home, 1846-53 -- Ch. 3. The Brazos Reserve, 1854-59 -- Ch. 4. The Civil War Era, 1859-67 -- Ch. 5. Reestablishment of the Wichita Agency, 1868-78 -- Ch. 6. Life on the Wichita Reservation, 1879-1901 -- Ch. 7. Dissolution of the Wichita Reservation.".
• catalog description "F. Todd Smith's new narrative picks up the story of these tribes begun in his volume The Caddo Indians: Tribes at the Convergence of Empires, 1542-1854. Their relations with the United States government, the state of Texas (whose role in Indian policy was distinctive because of its previous status as a sovereign nation), and officials of Indian Territory, as well as their ongoing struggles with other tribes similarly being forced from traditional lands, make compelling reading. Smith documents the process by which the Caddos and Wichitas increasingly lost control of their own fate and came to be governed by the whim of the federal government.".
• catalog description "Includes bibliographical references (p. [179]-184) and index.".
• catalog description "Smith relates the political history of the two tribes, details life and agricultural work on the reservation, chronicles federal attempts to introduce an education system to the Indians, and traces the effect of hostile tribes and unscrupulous whites on the reservation experiment. Using primary documents, he traces the history of the Wichitas and Caddos through the Civil War, when they were forced to take refuge in Union-controlled Kansas, to the sharing of reservation land with their former enemies, the Kiowas and Comanches. He describes in detail the efforts of the two tribes to adapt to white ways, developing a life within the confines of the reservation experience that borrowed from Euro-American culture while retaining many of their own traditions.".
• catalog description "Throughout the book, Smith convincingly analyzes how the successful adaptation of the tribes to white demands itself undermined their power and future. In the end, Smith shows, the Caddos and Wichitas used the Euro-American legal system to fight the last battle - unsuccessfully - losing the very basis of tribal life, shared land.".
• catalog extent "xvii, 190 p. :".
• catalog hasFormat "Caddos, the Wichitas, and the United States, 1846-1901.".
• catalog identifier "0890967083 (alk. paper)".
• catalog isFormatOf "Caddos, the Wichitas, and the United States, 1846-1901.".
• catalog isPartOf "The centennial series of the Association of Former Students, Texas A&M University ; no. 64".
• catalog issued "1996".
• catalog issued "c1996.".
• catalog language "eng".
• catalog publisher "College Station : Texas A&M University Press,".
• catalog relation "Caddos, the Wichitas, and the United States, 1846-1901.".
• catalog spatial "United States Race relations.".
• catalog spatial "United States".
• catalog subject "305.8/00973 20".
• catalog subject "Caddo Indians Ethnic identity.".
• catalog subject "Caddo Indians Government relations.".
• catalog subject "Caddo Indians History 19th century.".
• catalog subject "E99.C12 S66 1996".
• catalog subject "Indian reservations United States History 19th century.".
• catalog subject "Wichita Indians Ethnic identity.".
• catalog subject "Wichita Indians Government relations.".
• catalog subject "Wichita Indians History 19th century.".
• catalog tableOfContents "Ch. 1. Through the Treaty of Council Springs -- Ch. 2. Searching for a Home, 1846-53 -- Ch. 3. The Brazos Reserve, 1854-59 -- Ch. 4. The Civil War Era, 1859-67 -- Ch. 5. Reestablishment of the Wichita Agency, 1868-78 -- Ch. 6. Life on the Wichita Reservation, 1879-1901 -- Ch. 7. Dissolution of the Wichita Reservation.".
• catalog title "The Caddos, the Wichitas, and the United States, 1846-1901 / F. Todd Smith.".
• catalog type "text".