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• catalog contributor b10570288.
• catalog contributor b10570289.
• catalog coverage "Asia, Central.".
• catalog created "[1997]".
• catalog date "1997".
• catalog date "[1997]".
• catalog dateCopyrighted "[1997]".
• catalog description "Includes bibliographical references (p. 491-519) and index.".
• catalog description "Kazakstan / Martha Brill Olcott -- Kyrgyzstan / Martha Brill Olcott -- Tajikistan / Muriel Atkin -- Turkmenistan / Larry Clark, Michael Thurman and David Tyson -- Uzbekistan / Nancy Lubin.".
• catalog description "Kazakstan / Martha Brill Olcott. Country profile -- Historical setting. Early tribal movements ; Forming the modern nation ; Russian control ; In the Soviet Union ; Reform and nationalist conflict ; The rise of Nazarbayev ; Sovereignty and independence -- Physical environment. Topography and drainage ; Climate ; Environmental problems -- Population and society. Demographic factors ; Ethnic groups ; The role of women ; Clans -- Religion. Islam in the past ; Islam and the state -- National identity. Language ; Culture -- Education -- Health. Health system ; Health conditions -- Social welfare -- The economy. Natural resources ; Agriculture ; Energy ; Work force ; Post-Soviet developments ; Banking and finance ; Prices, wages, and currency ; International financial relations -- Transportation and telecommunications -- Government and politics. Constitution ; Structure of government ; The election of 1994 and its aftermath ; Political organizations ; Nazarbayev and political prospects ; The media ; Human rights ; Foreign policy -- National security. Military establishment ; Military infrastructure ; Military doctrine ; Law enforcement systems ; National security prospects.".
• catalog description "Kyrgyzstan / Martha Brill Olcott. Country profile -- Historical background. Early history ; Mongol domination ; Russian control ; Into the Soviet Union ; Recent history -- Physical environment. Topography and drainage ; Climate ; Environmental problems -- Population. Demographic characteristics ; Ethnic groups ; Geographic factors -- Society and culture. Language ; Ethnic traditions ; Social structure ; Contemporary culture -- Religion. The introduction of Islam ; Tribal religion ; Islam and the state -- Education. Education system ; Instruction ; Curriculum ; Higher education -- Health and welfare. Health care system ; Health conditions ; Social welfare -- The economy. Role in the Soviet economy ; Natural resources ; Agriculture ; Industry ; Energy ; Economic reform ; Financial system ; Prices, monetary policy, and debt ; Foreign investments ; Foreign trade -- Transportation and telecommunications -- Government and politics. Background ; Constitution ; Structure of government ; Political parties ; The media ; Human rights -- Foreign relations. Central Asian neighbors ; Russia -- National security. Armed forces ; Internal security ; National security prospects.".
• catalog description "Tajikistan / Muriel Atkin. Country profile -- Historical background. Ethnic background ; Early history ; The Russian conquest ; The revolutionary era ; Impact of the civil war ; The Basmachi ; Creation of Tajikistan ; Collectivization ; The purges ; The postwar period -- Physical environment. Dimensions and borders ; Topography and drainage ; Climate ; Environmental programs -- Population. Population characteristics ; Urbanization ; The rural majority ; Gender and family structure ; Emigration ; Ethnic groups ; Forces of nationalism -- Religion. Islam ; Other religions -- Culture and the arts. Literature ; Cultural institutions -- Education. Historical development ; Education in the 1980s and 1990s ; Vocational education ; Higher education and research -- Health. Health care system ; Health conditions -- The economy. Agriculture ; Industry ; Energy ; Labor ; Standard of living ; Economic conditions in the early 1990s ; Transition to a market economy ; Foreign economic relations -- Transportation and telecommunications. Railroads ; Roads ; Air travel ; Telecommunications -- Government and politics. Transition to Post-Soviet government ; Government structure ; Political parties ; The media ; Human rights ; Foreign relations -- National security. Russia's role in the early 1990s ; The armed forces ; Internal security.".
• catalog description "Turkmenistan / Larry Clark, Michael Thurman, and David Tyson. Country profile -- Historical setting. Origins and early history ; Formation of the Turkmen nation ; Incorporation into Russia ; Soviet Turkmenistan ; Sovereignty and independence -- Physical environment. Physical features ; Climate ; Hydrological conditions ; Environmental issues -- Population. Size and distribution ; Migration trends -- Society. National traditions ; Social structure ; The spoken language ; The written language -- Religion. History and structure ; Religion after independence -- Education. Education system ; Curriculum ; Higher education -- Health. Structure of health care ; Health care conditions ; Health conditions -- Welfare. Living standards ; Government welfare programs -- The economy. Natural resources ; Agriculture ; Industry ; Labor ; Economic structure ; Privatization ; Fiscal and monetary conditions ; Foreign trade -- Transportation and telecommunications. Railroads ; Roads ; Pipelines ; Airlines ; Merchant marine ; Telecommunications -- Government and politics. Centers of political power ; Government structure ; Political parties ; Human rights -- Foreign policy. Background ; Foreign relations issues ; The United States ; Western Europe ; Asian neighbors ; CIS relations ; Caspian Sea issues -- National security. Strategic considerations ; Military doctrine ; Role of Russia and the CIS ; Force structure ; Internal security forces ; Criminal justice.".
• catalog description "Uzbekistan / Nancy Lubin. Country profile -- Historical background. Early history ; The early Islamic period ; The Turkification of Mawarannahr ; The Mongol period ; The rule of Timur ; The Uzbek period ; Arrival of the Russians ; The Russian conquest ; Entering the twentieth century ; The Jadidists and Basmachis ; The Stalinist period ; Russification and resistance ; The 1980s ; Independence -- Physical environment. Topography and drainage ; Climate ; Environmental problems -- Population. Size and distribution ; Ethnic composition ; Other social affiliations -- Language and literature. Linguistic background ; Influences in the Soviet period ; Language in the 1990s ; Literature -- Religion. Islam in the Soviet Era ; The issue of fundamentalism ; Mainstream Islam in the 1990s -- Education. Education system ; Curriculum ; Instruction -- Health. Health care system ; Health conditions -- The economy. Mineral resources ; Energy ; Agriculture ; Industry ; Labor force ; Postcommunist economic reform ; Structural and legal reform ; Banking and finance ; International financial relations -- Transportation and telecommunications -- Government and politics. Postindependence changes ; The constitution ; Local government ; Opposition parties ; The media ; Human rights -- Foreign relations. Central Asian states ; Russia and the CIS ; The Middle East and Pakistan ; China ; The United States -- National security. External security conditions ; Background of military development ; The armed forces ; Internal security.".
• catalog extent "lxi, 570 p. :".
• catalog hasFormat "Kazakstan".
• catalog hasFormat "Kazakstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan.".
• catalog hasFormat "Kyrgyzstan".
• catalog hasFormat "Tajikistan".
• catalog hasFormat "Turkmenistan".
• catalog hasFormat "Uzbekistan".
• catalog identifier "0844409383 (hard : alk. paper)".
• catalog isFormatOf "Kazakstan".
• catalog isFormatOf "Kazakstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan.".
• catalog isFormatOf "Kyrgyzstan".
• catalog isFormatOf "Tajikistan".
• catalog isFormatOf "Turkmenistan".
• catalog isFormatOf "Uzbekistan".
• catalog isPartOf "Area handbook series, 1057-5294".
• catalog isPartOf "Area handbook series. 1057-5294".
• catalog isPartOf "DA pam ; 550-114".
• catalog isPartOf "DA pam ; 550-114.".
• catalog isPartOf "LLMC Digital net".
• catalog issued "1997".
• catalog issued "[1997]".
• catalog language "eng".
• catalog publisher "Washington, D.C. : The Division : For sale by the Supt. of Docs., U.S. G.P.O.,".
• catalog relation "Kazakstan".
• catalog relation "Kazakstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan.".
• catalog relation "Kyrgyzstan".
• catalog relation "Tajikistan".
• catalog relation "Turkmenistan".
• catalog relation "Uzbekistan".
• catalog spatial "Asia, Central.".
• catalog subject "958 21".
• catalog subject "CENTRAL ASIA. unbist".
• catalog subject "COUNTRY STUDIES. unbist".
• catalog subject "DK851 .K34 1997".
• catalog subject "KAZAKHSTAN. unbist".
• catalog subject "KYRGYZSTAN. unbist".
• catalog subject "TAJIKISTAN. unbist".
• catalog subject "TURKMENISTAN. unbist".
• catalog subject "UZBEKISTAN. unbist".
• catalog tableOfContents "Kazakstan / Martha Brill Olcott -- Kyrgyzstan / Martha Brill Olcott -- Tajikistan / Muriel Atkin -- Turkmenistan / Larry Clark, Michael Thurman and David Tyson -- Uzbekistan / Nancy Lubin.".
• catalog tableOfContents "Kazakstan / Martha Brill Olcott. Country profile -- Historical setting. Early tribal movements ; Forming the modern nation ; Russian control ; In the Soviet Union ; Reform and nationalist conflict ; The rise of Nazarbayev ; Sovereignty and independence -- Physical environment. Topography and drainage ; Climate ; Environmental problems -- Population and society. Demographic factors ; Ethnic groups ; The role of women ; Clans -- Religion. Islam in the past ; Islam and the state -- National identity. Language ; Culture -- Education -- Health. Health system ; Health conditions -- Social welfare -- The economy. Natural resources ; Agriculture ; Energy ; Work force ; Post-Soviet developments ; Banking and finance ; Prices, wages, and currency ; International financial relations -- Transportation and telecommunications -- Government and politics. Constitution ; Structure of government ; The election of 1994 and its aftermath ; Political organizations ; Nazarbayev and political prospects ; The media ; Human rights ; Foreign policy -- National security. Military establishment ; Military infrastructure ; Military doctrine ; Law enforcement systems ; National security prospects.".
• catalog tableOfContents "Kyrgyzstan / Martha Brill Olcott. Country profile -- Historical background. Early history ; Mongol domination ; Russian control ; Into the Soviet Union ; Recent history -- Physical environment. Topography and drainage ; Climate ; Environmental problems -- Population. Demographic characteristics ; Ethnic groups ; Geographic factors -- Society and culture. Language ; Ethnic traditions ; Social structure ; Contemporary culture -- Religion. The introduction of Islam ; Tribal religion ; Islam and the state -- Education. Education system ; Instruction ; Curriculum ; Higher education -- Health and welfare. Health care system ; Health conditions ; Social welfare -- The economy. Role in the Soviet economy ; Natural resources ; Agriculture ; Industry ; Energy ; Economic reform ; Financial system ; Prices, monetary policy, and debt ; Foreign investments ; Foreign trade -- Transportation and telecommunications -- Government and politics. Background ; Constitution ; Structure of government ; Political parties ; The media ; Human rights -- Foreign relations. Central Asian neighbors ; Russia -- National security. Armed forces ; Internal security ; National security prospects.".
• catalog tableOfContents "Tajikistan / Muriel Atkin. Country profile -- Historical background. Ethnic background ; Early history ; The Russian conquest ; The revolutionary era ; Impact of the civil war ; The Basmachi ; Creation of Tajikistan ; Collectivization ; The purges ; The postwar period -- Physical environment. Dimensions and borders ; Topography and drainage ; Climate ; Environmental programs -- Population. Population characteristics ; Urbanization ; The rural majority ; Gender and family structure ; Emigration ; Ethnic groups ; Forces of nationalism -- Religion. Islam ; Other religions -- Culture and the arts. Literature ; Cultural institutions -- Education. Historical development ; Education in the 1980s and 1990s ; Vocational education ; Higher education and research -- Health. Health care system ; Health conditions -- The economy. Agriculture ; Industry ; Energy ; Labor ; Standard of living ; Economic conditions in the early 1990s ; Transition to a market economy ; Foreign economic relations -- Transportation and telecommunications. Railroads ; Roads ; Air travel ; Telecommunications -- Government and politics. Transition to Post-Soviet government ; Government structure ; Political parties ; The media ; Human rights ; Foreign relations -- National security. Russia's role in the early 1990s ; The armed forces ; Internal security.".
• catalog tableOfContents "Turkmenistan / Larry Clark, Michael Thurman, and David Tyson. Country profile -- Historical setting. Origins and early history ; Formation of the Turkmen nation ; Incorporation into Russia ; Soviet Turkmenistan ; Sovereignty and independence -- Physical environment. Physical features ; Climate ; Hydrological conditions ; Environmental issues -- Population. Size and distribution ; Migration trends -- Society. National traditions ; Social structure ; The spoken language ; The written language -- Religion. History and structure ; Religion after independence -- Education. Education system ; Curriculum ; Higher education -- Health. Structure of health care ; Health care conditions ; Health conditions -- Welfare. Living standards ; Government welfare programs -- The economy. Natural resources ; Agriculture ; Industry ; Labor ; Economic structure ; Privatization ; Fiscal and monetary conditions ; Foreign trade -- Transportation and telecommunications. Railroads ; Roads ; Pipelines ; Airlines ; Merchant marine ; Telecommunications -- Government and politics. Centers of political power ; Government structure ; Political parties ; Human rights -- Foreign policy. Background ; Foreign relations issues ; The United States ; Western Europe ; Asian neighbors ; CIS relations ; Caspian Sea issues -- National security. Strategic considerations ; Military doctrine ; Role of Russia and the CIS ; Force structure ; Internal security forces ; Criminal justice.".
• catalog tableOfContents "Uzbekistan / Nancy Lubin. Country profile -- Historical background. Early history ; The early Islamic period ; The Turkification of Mawarannahr ; The Mongol period ; The rule of Timur ; The Uzbek period ; Arrival of the Russians ; The Russian conquest ; Entering the twentieth century ; The Jadidists and Basmachis ; The Stalinist period ; Russification and resistance ; The 1980s ; Independence -- Physical environment. Topography and drainage ; Climate ; Environmental problems -- Population. Size and distribution ; Ethnic composition ; Other social affiliations -- Language and literature. Linguistic background ; Influences in the Soviet period ; Language in the 1990s ; Literature -- Religion. Islam in the Soviet Era ; The issue of fundamentalism ; Mainstream Islam in the 1990s -- Education. Education system ; Curriculum ; Instruction -- Health. Health care system ; Health conditions -- The economy. Mineral resources ; Energy ; Agriculture ; Industry ; Labor force ; Postcommunist economic reform ; Structural and legal reform ; Banking and finance ; International financial relations -- Transportation and telecommunications -- Government and politics. Postindependence changes ; The constitution ; Local government ; Opposition parties ; The media ; Human rights -- Foreign relations. Central Asian states ; Russia and the CIS ; The Middle East and Pakistan ; China ; The United States -- National security. External security conditions ; Background of military development ; The armed forces ; Internal security.".
• catalog title "Kazakstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan : country studies / Federal Research Division, Library of Congress ; edited by Glenn E. Curtis.".
• catalog type "text".