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• catalog alternative "Design in der Natur. English".
• catalog contributor b10717485.
• catalog created "1998.".
• catalog date "1998".
• catalog date "1998.".
• catalog dateCopyrighted "1998.".
• catalog description "Annual kings : the internal diary as a consequence of the external situation. Reaction wood and helical grain in the sawn section ; The sawn section through healed wounds ; Frost ribs : the sick report of the annual rings ; Contact reports : a dead branch is treated like a steel tube ; Welds : the tree's marriage in the sawn section ; Summary of the rules for annual ring design -- Wood fibres and force flow : the fear of shear stress -- How does a tree break? Transverse fracture of a solid cylinder ; Failure of thick-walled wooden tubes by cross-sectional flattening ; Shell buckling : the tree as a thin-walled tube ; The open cross-section : the load-dependent chameleon ; The devil's ear ; The hazard beam : fatal failure or last resort? ; The wind breakage of shallow-rooters ; Windthrow ; Fibre kinking : the beginning of the end --".
• catalog description "Can trees really not shrink? -- Bones : ultra-light and very strong by continuous optimization of shape -- Bone design : selected examples. The femur : heavily loaded and successful ; Healing of a femur fracture ; The consequences of hip prostheses for the femur ; The vertebral arch : a weak point? ; Trabecular bone : micro-frameworks as pressure distributor, dash pot and light-weight internal architecture ; Trabecula axis and force flow : the fear of bending load ; Drifting and rotating : the wanderings of the trabeculae in the search for pure axial loading -- Bony frameworks and tree frameworks compared. Trabeculae and air-rooters ; The reasons why bones are better at adapting their shape -- Claws and thorns : shape-optimized by success in the lottery of heredity. The tiger's claw ; Thorn shape and load direction -- Biological shells. What are shell structures? ; Why a shell theory is inadequate for shape optimization ; Tortoises and nuts -- Bacing : ultra-light but highly specialized. The advantages of bracing and its sensitivity to loading inappropriate to the design ; Bracing at the hip-joint and in trees on eroding sites : a functional identity ; Buttress roots from the standpoint of bracing -- Shape optimization by growth in engineering design. Plane or rotationally symmetrical models ; The orthopaedic screw ; Beam shoulders ; Shape optimization of three-dimensional components ; Shaft with rectangular aperture ; Frameworks -- Unity in diversity : design target and realization -- Critique on optimum shape : sensitization by specialization -- Outlook : ecodesign and close-to-nature computer empiricism -- New examples of application in self-explanatory illustrations.".
• catalog description "Includes bibliographical references and index.".
• catalog description "Introduction -- The minimum on mechanics. External loads and internal stresses ; Thermal expansion and thermal stresses ; The finite element method (FEM) ; The component killers : notches and notch stresses ; Crack propagation ; Overview of the mechanics -- What is a good mechanical design? -- The axiom of uniform stress and how computer methods derive from it. Notches without notch stresses? ; Computer-aided optimization : growth in the computer ; Soft kill option : away with the ballast! ; Stress-controlled E-modulus distribution ; The stress-increment-controlled SKO method ; Presentation of the methods at a glance -- The mechanics of trees and the self-optimization of tree shape. The controlling mechanisms and their effect on the tree ; Apical dominance : the top rules ; Geotropism : stand up straight! ; Phototropism : the quest for light -- ".
• catalog description "The right load distribution : the axiom of uniform stress and tree shape. The height-diameter ratio of the trunk ; Branch junctions : from the high-tech connection to the point of potential breakage ; Tree forks : risk only with incorrect loading ; The tension fork ; The compression fork ; Roots : ingenious anchors with a penchant for social contacts ; Wound healing : points of potential breakage are speedily repaired ; Tree-stone friendships : mechanical companionship with inanimate objects ; Tree-tree contacts : species difference as a mechanical handicap ; Tree welds (grafts) : from first kiss to life-long marriage ; The axial weld ; The cross weld ; The strangler fig : merciless welding artist ; Advantages of the social behaviour of trees for the species -- ".
• catalog extent "xiv, 276 p. :".
• catalog identifier "3540629378 (softcover)".
• catalog issued "1998".
• catalog issued "1998.".
• catalog language "eng ger".
• catalog language "eng".
• catalog publisher "Berlin ; New York : Springer-Verlag,".
• catalog subject "571.4/3 21".
• catalog subject "Biomechanics.".
• catalog subject "QH513 .M3813 1998".
• catalog subject "Trees Mechanical properties.".
• catalog tableOfContents "Annual kings : the internal diary as a consequence of the external situation. Reaction wood and helical grain in the sawn section ; The sawn section through healed wounds ; Frost ribs : the sick report of the annual rings ; Contact reports : a dead branch is treated like a steel tube ; Welds : the tree's marriage in the sawn section ; Summary of the rules for annual ring design -- Wood fibres and force flow : the fear of shear stress -- How does a tree break? Transverse fracture of a solid cylinder ; Failure of thick-walled wooden tubes by cross-sectional flattening ; Shell buckling : the tree as a thin-walled tube ; The open cross-section : the load-dependent chameleon ; The devil's ear ; The hazard beam : fatal failure or last resort? ; The wind breakage of shallow-rooters ; Windthrow ; Fibre kinking : the beginning of the end --".
• catalog tableOfContents "Can trees really not shrink? -- Bones : ultra-light and very strong by continuous optimization of shape -- Bone design : selected examples. The femur : heavily loaded and successful ; Healing of a femur fracture ; The consequences of hip prostheses for the femur ; The vertebral arch : a weak point? ; Trabecular bone : micro-frameworks as pressure distributor, dash pot and light-weight internal architecture ; Trabecula axis and force flow : the fear of bending load ; Drifting and rotating : the wanderings of the trabeculae in the search for pure axial loading -- Bony frameworks and tree frameworks compared. Trabeculae and air-rooters ; The reasons why bones are better at adapting their shape -- Claws and thorns : shape-optimized by success in the lottery of heredity. The tiger's claw ; Thorn shape and load direction -- Biological shells. What are shell structures? ; Why a shell theory is inadequate for shape optimization ; Tortoises and nuts -- Bacing : ultra-light but highly specialized. The advantages of bracing and its sensitivity to loading inappropriate to the design ; Bracing at the hip-joint and in trees on eroding sites : a functional identity ; Buttress roots from the standpoint of bracing -- Shape optimization by growth in engineering design. Plane or rotationally symmetrical models ; The orthopaedic screw ; Beam shoulders ; Shape optimization of three-dimensional components ; Shaft with rectangular aperture ; Frameworks -- Unity in diversity : design target and realization -- Critique on optimum shape : sensitization by specialization -- Outlook : ecodesign and close-to-nature computer empiricism -- New examples of application in self-explanatory illustrations.".
• catalog tableOfContents "Introduction -- The minimum on mechanics. External loads and internal stresses ; Thermal expansion and thermal stresses ; The finite element method (FEM) ; The component killers : notches and notch stresses ; Crack propagation ; Overview of the mechanics -- What is a good mechanical design? -- The axiom of uniform stress and how computer methods derive from it. Notches without notch stresses? ; Computer-aided optimization : growth in the computer ; Soft kill option : away with the ballast! ; Stress-controlled E-modulus distribution ; The stress-increment-controlled SKO method ; Presentation of the methods at a glance -- The mechanics of trees and the self-optimization of tree shape. The controlling mechanisms and their effect on the tree ; Apical dominance : the top rules ; Geotropism : stand up straight! ; Phototropism : the quest for light -- ".
• catalog tableOfContents "The right load distribution : the axiom of uniform stress and tree shape. The height-diameter ratio of the trunk ; Branch junctions : from the high-tech connection to the point of potential breakage ; Tree forks : risk only with incorrect loading ; The tension fork ; The compression fork ; Roots : ingenious anchors with a penchant for social contacts ; Wound healing : points of potential breakage are speedily repaired ; Tree-stone friendships : mechanical companionship with inanimate objects ; Tree-tree contacts : species difference as a mechanical handicap ; Tree welds (grafts) : from first kiss to life-long marriage ; The axial weld ; The cross weld ; The strangler fig : merciless welding artist ; Advantages of the social behaviour of trees for the species -- ".
• catalog title "Design in der Natur. English".
• catalog title "Design in nature : learning from trees / Claus Mattheck.".
• catalog type "text".