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• catalog abstract "" ... about the archaeology of the Levant, which here means more specifically the region east of the Mediterranean between Turkey in the north and Egypt in the west ... the historical and once greater Syria ..."--P. 7.".
• catalog alternative "Levante. English.".
• catalog contributor b12045305.
• catalog contributor b12045306.
• catalog contributor b12045307.
• catalog contributor b12045308.
• catalog contributor b12045309.
• catalog coverage "Mediterranean Region Antiquities.".
• catalog coverage "Mediterranean Region History.".
• catalog coverage "Middle East Antiquities.".
• catalog coverage "Middle East History.".
• catalog created "c2000.".
• catalog date "2000".
• catalog date "c2000.".
• catalog dateCopyrighted "c2000.".
• catalog description "" ... about the archaeology of the Levant, which here means more specifically the region east of the Mediterranean between Turkey in the north and Egypt in the west ... the historical and once greater Syria ..."--P. 7.".
• catalog description "I. The bronze age, 3100-1200 B.C. / Philippe Marquis -- The first cities -- The Early Bronze Age -- the emergence of the first city-states -- Habuba Kabira -- the influence of powerful neighbors -- A local development -- The first historical evidence -- the relationship with the empires in the east -- A densely populated settlement -- Ebla -- the rediscovery of a capital -- Mari -- a city on the banks of the Euphrates -- Byblos -- between Egypt and the Lebanon mountains -- The Middle Bronze Age -- The life of a city seen through the archives of Mari -- The reconstruction of Ebla -- Byblos -- royal tombs and temples of the gods -- The Late Bronze Age -- a period of change -- Ugarit -- an independent kingdom -- Byblos and Beirut are threatened".
• catalog description "II. The Phoenicians, 1200-330 B.C. / Eric Gubel -- Phoenicia facing the great powers -- A lasting peace -- Ugarit -- a Paleo-Phoenican trading partner -- The other trading partners on the Syrian coast -- The "Dark Age" -- The kingdom of Amurru -- The island of Arvud -- Who controlled the southern plain of Akkara? -- Byblos -- if I command with a loud voice in the Lebanon -- Brilliant Sidon -- Tyre crowned -- Relations with Israel -- Accession of the priest-king -- The "Golden age" -- The threat from Assyria -- Art in the "Golden Age" -- The end of the Phoenician power -- Egypt pushes for greater control -- The Persian age".
• catalog description "III. The Greco-Roman era, 323 B.C. -- 337 A.D. -- The ancient world -- a merging of cultures -- The Hellenistic era -- Urbanization and the influence of Hellenism following Alexander's conquest -- Old cities, new buildings -- The end of the Seleucids -- Pax Romana -- The uneven pace of Hellenization -- The organization of the region -- The crisis -- The blossoming of urban life -- Education and culture -- writers and philosophers -- The monumental nature of city design -- Factors underlying economic success -- Artistic diversity -- Palmyran styles of dress -- External cultural influences -- Onomastics and the language of the Roman Levant -- The strength of native traditions outside the cities -- The role of agriculture -- Necropoli and temples -- Necropoli -- mirrors of society -- Characteristic features of levantine temple complexes -- Religious diversity -- the gods of the Levant -- The great temple complexes of Palmyra and Gerasa -- The temple complex of Baalbek -- Tradition and progress".
• catalog description "IV. The world of the Nabataeans, 312 B.C. -- 106 A.D. / Laila Nehme -- The age of the Nabataean kings -- Uncertain origins -- Wars with the Diadochi -- the account of Diodorus Siculus -- The first kings of Nabataea -- The Nabataeans and Hasmoneans -- A settled existence? -- Roman hegemony and the Battle of Actium -- From the campaign of Aelius Gallus to the reign of Aretas IV -- Malichus II and Rabel II -- Petra and the Nabataeans after their incorporation into the Roman Empire -- Religion and the shrines of the Nabataeans -- The betyls -- The triclinia -- Sacrificial sites -- Group of niches -- The "chapels" -- The temples -- The gods of the Nabataeans -- The male divinities -- Cultic rites -- The world of the dead -- Typology of tombs in Petra -- Burial rites -- Dwellings -- Arts and crafts -- Sculptures -- Pottery -- Terracotta statuettes -- Nabataean culture -- a tribute".
• catalog description "Includes bibliographical references (p. 310-311) and indexes.".
• catalog description "Islam and the Crusades, 621-1291 A.D. / Marie-Odile Rousset -- The state of research -- The Islamic conquest of the Levant -- The acquisition of the pre-Islamic legacy by the Umayyad caliphate in Syria -- The Dome of the rock -- The mosque -- The Umayyad mosque in Damascus -- Secular architecture -- The glory of the Abbasids -- The decline of Abbasid power -- Fatimids and Seljuks -- The establishment of Crusader states -- The mobilization of Islam against the threat from Europe -- Fortress architecture -- Jerusalem -- The triumph of Islam -- A time of peace -- St. Louis and the end of the Crusades.".
• catalog description "V. The Levant during the early Byzantine era, 4th-7th A.D. / Pierre-Louis Gatier -- Christianity asserts itself in the eastern empire -- The geography of power -- The hierarchy of power -- War and peace -- From Justinian to the Persian conquests -- Population and settlements -- Population structure and numbers -- A period of growth -- The development of villages -- Travelers and pilgrims -- The economy -- the importance of agriculture -- Craftsmen and merchants -- Domestic and foreign trade -- The economic crisis -- Christianity -- conquest and division -- The struggle against paganism -- The status of Jews and Samaritans -- Divisions among Christians -- The power of the bishops -- Monks and ascetics, or the integration of a subculture -- Christian saints -- Pilgrimages and relics -- The continued survival of urban life -- Religious and secular buildings -- In the country -- Notable buildings -- Urban and rural churches -- Decoration -- The end of the early Byzantine period".
• catalog extent "319 p. :".
• catalog identifier "3829004958".
• catalog issued "2000".
• catalog issued "c2000.".
• catalog language "eng ger".
• catalog language "eng".
• catalog publisher "Cologne : Könemann,".
• catalog spatial "Mediterranean Region Antiquities.".
• catalog spatial "Mediterranean Region History.".
• catalog spatial "Middle East Antiquities.".
• catalog spatial "Middle East History.".
• catalog spatial "Middle East.".
• catalog subject "Cities and towns, Ancient Middle East.".
• catalog subject "DS62 .L48 2000".
• catalog tableOfContents "I. The bronze age, 3100-1200 B.C. / Philippe Marquis -- The first cities -- The Early Bronze Age -- the emergence of the first city-states -- Habuba Kabira -- the influence of powerful neighbors -- A local development -- The first historical evidence -- the relationship with the empires in the east -- A densely populated settlement -- Ebla -- the rediscovery of a capital -- Mari -- a city on the banks of the Euphrates -- Byblos -- between Egypt and the Lebanon mountains -- The Middle Bronze Age -- The life of a city seen through the archives of Mari -- The reconstruction of Ebla -- Byblos -- royal tombs and temples of the gods -- The Late Bronze Age -- a period of change -- Ugarit -- an independent kingdom -- Byblos and Beirut are threatened".
• catalog tableOfContents "II. The Phoenicians, 1200-330 B.C. / Eric Gubel -- Phoenicia facing the great powers -- A lasting peace -- Ugarit -- a Paleo-Phoenican trading partner -- The other trading partners on the Syrian coast -- The "Dark Age" -- The kingdom of Amurru -- The island of Arvud -- Who controlled the southern plain of Akkara? -- Byblos -- if I command with a loud voice in the Lebanon -- Brilliant Sidon -- Tyre crowned -- Relations with Israel -- Accession of the priest-king -- The "Golden age" -- The threat from Assyria -- Art in the "Golden Age" -- The end of the Phoenician power -- Egypt pushes for greater control -- The Persian age".
• catalog tableOfContents "III. The Greco-Roman era, 323 B.C. -- 337 A.D. -- The ancient world -- a merging of cultures -- The Hellenistic era -- Urbanization and the influence of Hellenism following Alexander's conquest -- Old cities, new buildings -- The end of the Seleucids -- Pax Romana -- The uneven pace of Hellenization -- The organization of the region -- The crisis -- The blossoming of urban life -- Education and culture -- writers and philosophers -- The monumental nature of city design -- Factors underlying economic success -- Artistic diversity -- Palmyran styles of dress -- External cultural influences -- Onomastics and the language of the Roman Levant -- The strength of native traditions outside the cities -- The role of agriculture -- Necropoli and temples -- Necropoli -- mirrors of society -- Characteristic features of levantine temple complexes -- Religious diversity -- the gods of the Levant -- The great temple complexes of Palmyra and Gerasa -- The temple complex of Baalbek -- Tradition and progress".
• catalog tableOfContents "IV. The world of the Nabataeans, 312 B.C. -- 106 A.D. / Laila Nehme -- The age of the Nabataean kings -- Uncertain origins -- Wars with the Diadochi -- the account of Diodorus Siculus -- The first kings of Nabataea -- The Nabataeans and Hasmoneans -- A settled existence? -- Roman hegemony and the Battle of Actium -- From the campaign of Aelius Gallus to the reign of Aretas IV -- Malichus II and Rabel II -- Petra and the Nabataeans after their incorporation into the Roman Empire -- Religion and the shrines of the Nabataeans -- The betyls -- The triclinia -- Sacrificial sites -- Group of niches -- The "chapels" -- The temples -- The gods of the Nabataeans -- The male divinities -- Cultic rites -- The world of the dead -- Typology of tombs in Petra -- Burial rites -- Dwellings -- Arts and crafts -- Sculptures -- Pottery -- Terracotta statuettes -- Nabataean culture -- a tribute".
• catalog tableOfContents "Islam and the Crusades, 621-1291 A.D. / Marie-Odile Rousset -- The state of research -- The Islamic conquest of the Levant -- The acquisition of the pre-Islamic legacy by the Umayyad caliphate in Syria -- The Dome of the rock -- The mosque -- The Umayyad mosque in Damascus -- Secular architecture -- The glory of the Abbasids -- The decline of Abbasid power -- Fatimids and Seljuks -- The establishment of Crusader states -- The mobilization of Islam against the threat from Europe -- Fortress architecture -- Jerusalem -- The triumph of Islam -- A time of peace -- St. Louis and the end of the Crusades.".
• catalog tableOfContents "V. The Levant during the early Byzantine era, 4th-7th A.D. / Pierre-Louis Gatier -- Christianity asserts itself in the eastern empire -- The geography of power -- The hierarchy of power -- War and peace -- From Justinian to the Persian conquests -- Population and settlements -- Population structure and numbers -- A period of growth -- The development of villages -- Travelers and pilgrims -- The economy -- the importance of agriculture -- Craftsmen and merchants -- Domestic and foreign trade -- The economic crisis -- Christianity -- conquest and division -- The struggle against paganism -- The status of Jews and Samaritans -- Divisions among Christians -- The power of the bishops -- Monks and ascetics, or the integration of a subculture -- Christian saints -- Pilgrimages and relics -- The continued survival of urban life -- Religious and secular buildings -- In the country -- Notable buildings -- Urban and rural churches -- Decoration -- The end of the early Byzantine period".
• catalog title "The Levant : history and archaeology in the Eastern Mediterranean / editor, Olivier Binst ; photography, Robert Polidori ; authors, Pierre-Louis Gatier ... [et al.].".
• catalog type "History. fast".
• catalog type "text".