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• catalog abstract "California's Zero Emission Vehicle (ZEV) program requires that starting in 2003, a proportion of the new vehicles delivered for sale in the state must produce no emissions. This study examines the costs and emission benefits of battery-powered electric vehicles, direct hydrogen fuel-cell vehicles, and other advanced technology vehicles, such gasoline hybrid electric vehicles, that manufacturers may use to satisfy program requirements. The authors find that the cost of battery-powered electric vehicles per ton of emissions reduced is very high and not likely to fall to reasonable levels any time soon, and that it is too early to tell whether direct hydrogen fuel-cell vehicles, which show much promise, are an economical way to improve California's air quality. The study also evaluates California's goal of reducing the emissions of the state's light-duty vehicle fleet to zero. It finds that federal air quality standards can be met without a zero emission fleet and that lower-cost alternatives for improving air quality appear available. The authors conclude that instead of requiring manufacturers to meet emission reduction targets with particular vehicle technologies, California should eliminate the requirement for zero emission vehicles, tighten emission standards on light-duty vehicles, and focus on setting emission performance standards.".
• catalog alternative "At head of title: RAND Science and Technology".
• catalog contributor b12600964.
• catalog contributor b12600965.
• catalog contributor b12600966.
• catalog contributor b12600967.
• catalog contributor b12600968.
• catalog created "2002.".
• catalog date "2002".
• catalog date "2002.".
• catalog dateCopyrighted "2002.".
• catalog description "1. California's Air Pollution Problem and the Zev Program -- 2. Ozone Reduction Plan for the South Coast Air Basin -- 3. Technologies for Meeting Zev Program Requirements and Production Volume Estimates -- 4. Vehicle Production and Lifecycle Cost -- 5. Emission Benefits of Vehicles that Satisfy Zev Program Requirements -- 6. Cost-Effectiveness of Zevs and Partial Zero Emission Vehicles -- 7. Conclusions and Policy Recommendations -- App. A. Characteristics of Battery-Powered Electric Vehicles Produced to Date -- App. B. Assumptions Used to Calculate Vehicle Production Volumes -- App. C. Components of Incremental Cost in Volume Production and Sensitivity Analysis -- App. D. Methods Used to Calculate Electricity and Hydrogen Costs -- App. E. Willingness to Pay For Full-Function and City Electric Vehicles.".
• catalog description "California's Zero Emission Vehicle (ZEV) program requires that starting in 2003, a proportion of the new vehicles delivered for sale in the state must produce no emissions. This study examines the costs and emission benefits of battery-powered electric vehicles, direct hydrogen fuel-cell vehicles, and other advanced technology vehicles, such gasoline hybrid electric vehicles, that manufacturers may use to satisfy program requirements. The authors find that the cost of battery-powered electric vehicles per ton of emissions reduced is very high and not likely to fall to reasonable levels any time soon, and that it is too early to tell whether direct hydrogen fuel-cell vehicles, which show much promise, are an economical way to improve California's air quality. The study also evaluates California's goal of reducing the emissions of the state's light-duty vehicle fleet to zero. It finds that federal air quality standards can be met without a zero emission fleet and that lower-cost alternatives for improving air quality appear available. The authors conclude that instead of requiring manufacturers to meet emission reduction targets with particular vehicle technologies, California should eliminate the requirement for zero emission vehicles, tighten emission standards on light-duty vehicles, and focus on setting emission performance standards.".
• catalog description "Includes bibliographical references.".
• catalog extent "xxiv, 139 p. :".
• catalog identifier "0833032127".
• catalog issued "2002".
• catalog issued "2002.".
• catalog language "eng".
• catalog publisher "Santa Monica, Calif. : Rand,".
• catalog spatial "California.".
• catalog subject "363.739/26/09794 21".
• catalog subject "Electric vehicles Cost effectiveness.".
• catalog subject "Electric vehicles Government policy California.".
• catalog subject "TL220 .D578 2002".
• catalog tableOfContents "1. California's Air Pollution Problem and the Zev Program -- 2. Ozone Reduction Plan for the South Coast Air Basin -- 3. Technologies for Meeting Zev Program Requirements and Production Volume Estimates -- 4. Vehicle Production and Lifecycle Cost -- 5. Emission Benefits of Vehicles that Satisfy Zev Program Requirements -- 6. Cost-Effectiveness of Zevs and Partial Zero Emission Vehicles -- 7. Conclusions and Policy Recommendations -- App. A. Characteristics of Battery-Powered Electric Vehicles Produced to Date -- App. B. Assumptions Used to Calculate Vehicle Production Volumes -- App. C. Components of Incremental Cost in Volume Production and Sensitivity Analysis -- App. D. Methods Used to Calculate Electricity and Hydrogen Costs -- App. E. Willingness to Pay For Full-Function and City Electric Vehicles.".
• catalog title "At head of title: RAND Science and Technology".
• catalog title "Driving emissions to zero : are the benefits of California's Zero Emission Vehicle program worth the costs? / Lloyd Dixon, Isaac Porche, Jonathan Kulick.".
• catalog type "text".