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catalog abstract "Provides a true introduction to functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), which has become the dominant research technique in cognitive neuroscience. Although there is extraordinary interest in fMRI among researchers, instructors, and students alike, its instruction has faced a set of challenges. Existing texts are targeted toward practicing scientists in the field, and assume a level of expertise not possessed by most students. Furthermore, most students do not have access to fMRI equipment and data, so they have no opportunity to gain hands-on experience. This textbook overcomes these limitations by presenting a comprehensive overview of all aspects of fMRI, designed with undergraduate students, graduate students, and beginning researchers in mind.".
catalog contributor b13291921.
catalog contributor b13291922.
catalog contributor b13291923.
catalog created "c2004.".
catalog date "2004".
catalog date "c2004.".
catalog dateCopyrighted "c2004.".
catalog description "1 An Introduction to fMRI 1 -- Why Image Brain Function? 4 -- History of fMRI 11 -- Early Studies of Magnetic Resonance 11 -- Box 1.1 What is fMRI Used For? 12 -- NMR in Bulk Matter: Bloch and Purcell 15 -- The First MR images 17 -- Growth of MRI 21 -- Physical Bases of fMRI 22 -- Principles of BOLD fMRI 23 -- Design and Analysis of fMRI Experiments 24 -- Applications and Future Directions 25 -- 2 MRI Scanners 27 -- How MRI Scanners Work 27 -- Static Magnetic Field 27 -- Radiofrequency Coils 31 -- Gradient Coils 34 -- Shimming Coils 35 -- Computer Hardware and Software 37 -- Experimental Control System 37 -- Physiological Monitoring Equipment 38 -- MRI Safety 39 -- Effects of Static Magnetic Fields upon Human Physiology 39 -- Box 2.1 Outline of an fMRI Experiment 40 -- Translation and Torsion 44 -- Gradient Magnetic Field Effects 45 -- Radiofrequency Field Effects 46 --".
catalog description "142 -- Blood Flow 143 -- Control of Blood Flow 144 -- Effects of Increased Blood Flow upon Capillaries 146 -- Box 6.1 Neurogenic Control of Blood Flow 147 -- Box 6.2 Primer on Neuroanatomy 149 -- 7 BOLD fMRI 159 -- History of BOLD fMRI 159 -- Discovery of BOLD Contrast 160 -- The Coupling of Glucose Metabolism and Blood Flow 162 -- Glucose and Oxygen Metabolism 163 -- Box 7.1 PET Imaging 164 -- Watering the Garden for the Sake of One Thirsty Flower 165 -- The Astrocyte-Neuron Lactate Shuttle Model 166 -- Box 7.2 The Initial Dip 168 -- Transit Time and Oxygen Extraction 169 -- Implications for BOLD fMRI 170 -- The Growth of BOLD fMRI 171 -- Evolution of Functional MRI 171 -- Early fMRI Studies 174 -- Components of the BOLD Hemodynamic Response 176 -- Box 7.3 Functional Studies Using Contrast Agents 177 -- 8 Spatial and Temporal Properties of fMRI 185 --".
catalog description "231 -- Improving Functional SNR through Experimental Design 233 -- Box 9.1 Intersubject Variability in the Hemodynamic Response 234 -- Improving Functional SNR by Increasing Field Strength 236 -- Raw SNR and Spatial Resolution 237 -- Functional SNR and Spatial Extent 238 -- Spatial Specificity 239 -- Challenges of High-Field fMRI 241 -- Improving Functional SNR through Signal Averaging 242 -- Effects of Averaging on Estimation of the Hemodynamic Response 242 -- Effects of Averaging on Detection of Active Voxels 245 -- Box 9.2 Power Analyses 248 -- Alternatives to Signal Averaging 249 -- Signal Averaging: Conclusions 249 -- 10 Preprocessing of fMRI Data 253 -- Quality Assurance 254 -- Slice Acquisition Time Correction 256 -- Head Motion 258 -- Prevention of Head Motion 261 -- Correction of Head Motion 263 -- Distortion Correction 266 -- Functional-Structural Coregistration and Normalization".
catalog description "269 -- Functional-Structural Coregistration 269 -- Spatial Normalization 271 -- Spatial and Temporal Filtering 274 -- Effects of Spatial Filtering on Functional SNR 278 -- 11 Experimental Design 283 -- Basic Principles of Experimental Design 284 -- Setting Up a Good Research Hypothesis 286 -- Are fMRI Data Correlational? 288 -- Confounding Factors 290 -- Box 11.1 An Example of fMRI Experimental Design 292 -- Blocked Designs 294 -- Setting Up a Blocked Design 295 -- Advantages and Disadvantages of Blocked Designs 297 -- Box 11.2 Baseline Activity in fMRI 301 -- Event-Related Designs 303 -- Early Event-Related fMRI Studies 304 -- Principles of Event-Related fMRI 307 -- Semirandom Designs 310 -- Advantages and Disadvantages of Event-Related Designs 311 -- Mixed Designs 314 -- 12 Statistical Analysis 321 -- Basic Statistical Tests 323 -- The t-Test 324 -- Correlation Analysis 328 --".
catalog description "93 -- Potential Problems in Image Formation 94 -- 5 MR Contrast Mechanisms and Pulse Sequences 99 -- Static Contrasts and Related Pulse Sequences 100 -- Proton-Density Contrast 101 -- T[subscript 1] Contrast 104 -- T[subscript 2] Contrast 106 -- T[subscript 2] Contrast 109 -- Motion-Weighted Contrast 110 -- MR Angiography 110 -- Diffusion-Weighted Contrast 113 -- Perfusion-Weighted Contrast 117 -- Fast Imaging Sequences for fMRI Image Acquisition 120 -- Echo-Planar Imaging 120 -- Spiral Imaging 123 -- 6 From Neuronal to Hemodynamic Activity 127 -- Neuronal Activity 128 -- Ion Channels in Neurons 130 -- Neurotransmitters and Action Potentials 131 -- Cerebral Metabolism: Neuronal Energy Consumption 133 -- Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) 134 -- The Vascular System of the Brain 136 -- Arteries, Capillaries, and Veins 138 -- Arterial and Venous Anatomy of the Human Brain 139 -- Microcirculation".
catalog description "Advanced fMRI Methods 399 -- Spatial Resolution and Spatial Fidelity 400 -- Multiple-Channel Acquisition 402 -- Susceptibility Compensation and Weighting 405 -- Improving BOLD Contrast 408 -- Non-BOLD Contrasts 410 -- Spatial Connectivity 414 -- Temporal Resolution 416 -- Multiple-Channel Acquisition 416 -- Partial k-Space Imaging 417 -- Efficient k-Space Trajectories 419 -- Improved Experimental Designs 420 -- Box 14.1 Direct MRI of Neuronal Activity 422 -- 15 Converging Operations 429 -- Cognitive Neuroscience 429 -- Strategies for Research in Cognitive Neuroscience 431 -- Changing Neuronal Activity 432 -- Direct Cortical Stimulation 432 -- Functional Consequences of Direct Cortical Stimulation 434 -- Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation 436 -- Brain Lesions 438 -- Combined Lesion and fMRI Studies 440 -- Probabilistic Brain Atlases 441 -- Brain Imaging and Genomics 442 --".
catalog description "Claustrophobia 47 -- Acoustic Noise 47 -- 3 Basic Principles of MR Signal Generation 49 -- Nuclear Spins 49 -- Spins within Magnetic Fields 50 -- Magnetization of a Spin System 53 -- Spin Excitation and Signal Reception 53 -- Principles of MR Signal Generation 55 -- Spins: Magnetic Moment 55 -- Spins: Angular Momentum 56 -- Spins within Magnetic Fields 57 -- Spin Precession 59 -- Magnetization of Spins in Bulk Matter 62 -- Spin Excitation 63 -- Signal Reception 69 -- Spin Relaxation 70 -- The Bloch Equation 73 -- 4 Basic Principles of MR Signal Formation 75 -- Analysis of MR Signal 76 -- Longitudinal Magnetization (M[subscript z]) 77 -- Solution for Transverse Magnetization (M[subscript xy]) 79 -- The MR Signal Equation 81 -- Slice Selection, Spatial Encoding, and Image Reconstruction 82 -- Slice Excitation 87 -- 2-D Spatial Encoding 90 -- 2-D Image Formation 92 -- 3-D Imaging".
catalog description "Fourier Analysis 329 -- Displaying Statistical Results 333 -- The General Linear Model 336 -- Constructing a Design Matrix 338 -- Modeling BOLD Signal Changes 340 -- Additional Assumptions 342 -- Corrections for Multiple Comparisons 343 -- Box 12.1 Data-Driven Analyses 344 -- Random Field Theory 346 -- Cluster-Size Thresholding 347 -- Region-of-Interest Analyses 349 -- Intersubject Analyses 351 -- Box 12.2 Real-Time Analysis in Presurgical Patients 354 -- 13 Applications of fMRI 359 -- Translational Research 359 -- Studying Human-Specific Topic Areas 362 -- Identifying Functional Relations among Brain Regions 364 -- From Coactivation to Connectivity 364 -- Box 13.1 Methods for Connectivity Mapping in fMRI 368 -- Topic Areas 372 -- Attention 372 -- Memory 377 -- Executive Function 380 -- Box 13.2 Use of fMRI in Nonhuman Primates 386 -- Consciousness 389 -- 14".
catalog description "Includes bibliographical references and index.".
catalog description "Measuring Neuronal Activity 443 -- Box 15.1 Electrogenesis 444 -- Single-Unit Recording 447 -- Limitations of Single-Unit Recording 449 -- Field Potentials 450 -- Localizing the Neural Generators of Field Potentials 451 -- Intracranially Recorded Field Potentials 453 -- Box 15.2 Localization of Function Using Field Potential Recordings 454 -- Box 15.3 Neuronal Activity and BOLD fMRI 458 -- Scalp-Recorded Field Potentials 460 -- Magnetoencephalography 462 -- Advice for the Beginning Researcher 463.".
catalog description "Provides a true introduction to functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), which has become the dominant research technique in cognitive neuroscience. Although there is extraordinary interest in fMRI among researchers, instructors, and students alike, its instruction has faced a set of challenges. Existing texts are targeted toward practicing scientists in the field, and assume a level of expertise not possessed by most students. Furthermore, most students do not have access to fMRI equipment and data, so they have no opportunity to gain hands-on experience. This textbook overcomes these limitations by presenting a comprehensive overview of all aspects of fMRI, designed with undergraduate students, graduate students, and beginning researchers in mind.".
catalog description "Spatial Resolution of fMRI -- Box 8.1 Terminology of fMRI 186 -- Spatial Specificity in the Vascular System 190 -- What Spatial Resolution Is Needed? 193 -- Box 8.2 Mapping of Ocular Dominance Columns Using fMRI 194 -- Temporal Resolution of fMRI 197 -- The Timing of Brain Events 200 -- Effects of Stimulus Duration 202 -- Relative Timing across Brain Regions 204 -- Linearity of the Hemodynamic Response 206 -- Properties of a Linear System 207 -- Evidence for Rough Linearity 209 -- Challenges to Linearity 211 -- Using Refractory Effects to Study Neuronal Adaptation 213 -- 9 Signal and Noise in fMRI 217 -- Understanding Signal and Noise 219 -- Signal and Noise Defined 219 -- Functional SNR 222 -- Sources of Noise in fMRI 224 -- Thermal Noise 225 -- System Noise 227 -- Motion and Physiological Noise 228 -- Non-Task-Related Neural Variability 230 -- Behavioral and Cognitive Variability".
catalog description "System requirements: Internet browser software (Internet Explorer 6 recommended); Use of the data sets requires third-party MRI data analysis software (not included). See the Tools tab of the CD for information on how to obtain a variety of software packages; Access to the Links page requires an Internet connection.".
catalog extent "xviii, 492 p. :".
catalog identifier "0878932887 (hardcover : alk. paper)".
catalog issued "2004".
catalog issued "c2004.".
catalog language "eng".
catalog publisher "Sunderland, Mass. : Sinauer Associates,".
catalog requires "System requirements: Internet browser software (Internet Explorer 6 recommended); Use of the data sets requires third-party MRI data analysis software (not included). See the Tools tab of the CD for information on how to obtain a variety of software packages; Access to the Links page requires an Internet connection.".
catalog subject "616.8/047548 22".
catalog subject "Brain Magnetic resonance imaging.".
catalog subject "Brain Mapping methods.".
catalog subject "Cognitive neuroscience.".
catalog subject "Magnetic Resonance Imaging.".
catalog subject "RC386.6.M34 H84 2004".
catalog subject "WN 185 H888f 2004".
catalog tableOfContents "1 An Introduction to fMRI 1 -- Why Image Brain Function? 4 -- History of fMRI 11 -- Early Studies of Magnetic Resonance 11 -- Box 1.1 What is fMRI Used For? 12 -- NMR in Bulk Matter: Bloch and Purcell 15 -- The First MR images 17 -- Growth of MRI 21 -- Physical Bases of fMRI 22 -- Principles of BOLD fMRI 23 -- Design and Analysis of fMRI Experiments 24 -- Applications and Future Directions 25 -- 2 MRI Scanners 27 -- How MRI Scanners Work 27 -- Static Magnetic Field 27 -- Radiofrequency Coils 31 -- Gradient Coils 34 -- Shimming Coils 35 -- Computer Hardware and Software 37 -- Experimental Control System 37 -- Physiological Monitoring Equipment 38 -- MRI Safety 39 -- Effects of Static Magnetic Fields upon Human Physiology 39 -- Box 2.1 Outline of an fMRI Experiment 40 -- Translation and Torsion 44 -- Gradient Magnetic Field Effects 45 -- Radiofrequency Field Effects 46 --".
catalog tableOfContents "142 -- Blood Flow 143 -- Control of Blood Flow 144 -- Effects of Increased Blood Flow upon Capillaries 146 -- Box 6.1 Neurogenic Control of Blood Flow 147 -- Box 6.2 Primer on Neuroanatomy 149 -- 7 BOLD fMRI 159 -- History of BOLD fMRI 159 -- Discovery of BOLD Contrast 160 -- The Coupling of Glucose Metabolism and Blood Flow 162 -- Glucose and Oxygen Metabolism 163 -- Box 7.1 PET Imaging 164 -- Watering the Garden for the Sake of One Thirsty Flower 165 -- The Astrocyte-Neuron Lactate Shuttle Model 166 -- Box 7.2 The Initial Dip 168 -- Transit Time and Oxygen Extraction 169 -- Implications for BOLD fMRI 170 -- The Growth of BOLD fMRI 171 -- Evolution of Functional MRI 171 -- Early fMRI Studies 174 -- Components of the BOLD Hemodynamic Response 176 -- Box 7.3 Functional Studies Using Contrast Agents 177 -- 8 Spatial and Temporal Properties of fMRI 185 --".
catalog tableOfContents "231 -- Improving Functional SNR through Experimental Design 233 -- Box 9.1 Intersubject Variability in the Hemodynamic Response 234 -- Improving Functional SNR by Increasing Field Strength 236 -- Raw SNR and Spatial Resolution 237 -- Functional SNR and Spatial Extent 238 -- Spatial Specificity 239 -- Challenges of High-Field fMRI 241 -- Improving Functional SNR through Signal Averaging 242 -- Effects of Averaging on Estimation of the Hemodynamic Response 242 -- Effects of Averaging on Detection of Active Voxels 245 -- Box 9.2 Power Analyses 248 -- Alternatives to Signal Averaging 249 -- Signal Averaging: Conclusions 249 -- 10 Preprocessing of fMRI Data 253 -- Quality Assurance 254 -- Slice Acquisition Time Correction 256 -- Head Motion 258 -- Prevention of Head Motion 261 -- Correction of Head Motion 263 -- Distortion Correction 266 -- Functional-Structural Coregistration and Normalization".
catalog tableOfContents "269 -- Functional-Structural Coregistration 269 -- Spatial Normalization 271 -- Spatial and Temporal Filtering 274 -- Effects of Spatial Filtering on Functional SNR 278 -- 11 Experimental Design 283 -- Basic Principles of Experimental Design 284 -- Setting Up a Good Research Hypothesis 286 -- Are fMRI Data Correlational? 288 -- Confounding Factors 290 -- Box 11.1 An Example of fMRI Experimental Design 292 -- Blocked Designs 294 -- Setting Up a Blocked Design 295 -- Advantages and Disadvantages of Blocked Designs 297 -- Box 11.2 Baseline Activity in fMRI 301 -- Event-Related Designs 303 -- Early Event-Related fMRI Studies 304 -- Principles of Event-Related fMRI 307 -- Semirandom Designs 310 -- Advantages and Disadvantages of Event-Related Designs 311 -- Mixed Designs 314 -- 12 Statistical Analysis 321 -- Basic Statistical Tests 323 -- The t-Test 324 -- Correlation Analysis 328 --".
catalog tableOfContents "93 -- Potential Problems in Image Formation 94 -- 5 MR Contrast Mechanisms and Pulse Sequences 99 -- Static Contrasts and Related Pulse Sequences 100 -- Proton-Density Contrast 101 -- T[subscript 1] Contrast 104 -- T[subscript 2] Contrast 106 -- T[subscript 2] Contrast 109 -- Motion-Weighted Contrast 110 -- MR Angiography 110 -- Diffusion-Weighted Contrast 113 -- Perfusion-Weighted Contrast 117 -- Fast Imaging Sequences for fMRI Image Acquisition 120 -- Echo-Planar Imaging 120 -- Spiral Imaging 123 -- 6 From Neuronal to Hemodynamic Activity 127 -- Neuronal Activity 128 -- Ion Channels in Neurons 130 -- Neurotransmitters and Action Potentials 131 -- Cerebral Metabolism: Neuronal Energy Consumption 133 -- Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) 134 -- The Vascular System of the Brain 136 -- Arteries, Capillaries, and Veins 138 -- Arterial and Venous Anatomy of the Human Brain 139 -- Microcirculation".
catalog tableOfContents "Advanced fMRI Methods 399 -- Spatial Resolution and Spatial Fidelity 400 -- Multiple-Channel Acquisition 402 -- Susceptibility Compensation and Weighting 405 -- Improving BOLD Contrast 408 -- Non-BOLD Contrasts 410 -- Spatial Connectivity 414 -- Temporal Resolution 416 -- Multiple-Channel Acquisition 416 -- Partial k-Space Imaging 417 -- Efficient k-Space Trajectories 419 -- Improved Experimental Designs 420 -- Box 14.1 Direct MRI of Neuronal Activity 422 -- 15 Converging Operations 429 -- Cognitive Neuroscience 429 -- Strategies for Research in Cognitive Neuroscience 431 -- Changing Neuronal Activity 432 -- Direct Cortical Stimulation 432 -- Functional Consequences of Direct Cortical Stimulation 434 -- Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation 436 -- Brain Lesions 438 -- Combined Lesion and fMRI Studies 440 -- Probabilistic Brain Atlases 441 -- Brain Imaging and Genomics 442 --".
catalog tableOfContents "Claustrophobia 47 -- Acoustic Noise 47 -- 3 Basic Principles of MR Signal Generation 49 -- Nuclear Spins 49 -- Spins within Magnetic Fields 50 -- Magnetization of a Spin System 53 -- Spin Excitation and Signal Reception 53 -- Principles of MR Signal Generation 55 -- Spins: Magnetic Moment 55 -- Spins: Angular Momentum 56 -- Spins within Magnetic Fields 57 -- Spin Precession 59 -- Magnetization of Spins in Bulk Matter 62 -- Spin Excitation 63 -- Signal Reception 69 -- Spin Relaxation 70 -- The Bloch Equation 73 -- 4 Basic Principles of MR Signal Formation 75 -- Analysis of MR Signal 76 -- Longitudinal Magnetization (M[subscript z]) 77 -- Solution for Transverse Magnetization (M[subscript xy]) 79 -- The MR Signal Equation 81 -- Slice Selection, Spatial Encoding, and Image Reconstruction 82 -- Slice Excitation 87 -- 2-D Spatial Encoding 90 -- 2-D Image Formation 92 -- 3-D Imaging".
catalog tableOfContents "Fourier Analysis 329 -- Displaying Statistical Results 333 -- The General Linear Model 336 -- Constructing a Design Matrix 338 -- Modeling BOLD Signal Changes 340 -- Additional Assumptions 342 -- Corrections for Multiple Comparisons 343 -- Box 12.1 Data-Driven Analyses 344 -- Random Field Theory 346 -- Cluster-Size Thresholding 347 -- Region-of-Interest Analyses 349 -- Intersubject Analyses 351 -- Box 12.2 Real-Time Analysis in Presurgical Patients 354 -- 13 Applications of fMRI 359 -- Translational Research 359 -- Studying Human-Specific Topic Areas 362 -- Identifying Functional Relations among Brain Regions 364 -- From Coactivation to Connectivity 364 -- Box 13.1 Methods for Connectivity Mapping in fMRI 368 -- Topic Areas 372 -- Attention 372 -- Memory 377 -- Executive Function 380 -- Box 13.2 Use of fMRI in Nonhuman Primates 386 -- Consciousness 389 -- 14".
catalog tableOfContents "Measuring Neuronal Activity 443 -- Box 15.1 Electrogenesis 444 -- Single-Unit Recording 447 -- Limitations of Single-Unit Recording 449 -- Field Potentials 450 -- Localizing the Neural Generators of Field Potentials 451 -- Intracranially Recorded Field Potentials 453 -- Box 15.2 Localization of Function Using Field Potential Recordings 454 -- Box 15.3 Neuronal Activity and BOLD fMRI 458 -- Scalp-Recorded Field Potentials 460 -- Magnetoencephalography 462 -- Advice for the Beginning Researcher 463.".
catalog tableOfContents "Spatial Resolution of fMRI -- Box 8.1 Terminology of fMRI 186 -- Spatial Specificity in the Vascular System 190 -- What Spatial Resolution Is Needed? 193 -- Box 8.2 Mapping of Ocular Dominance Columns Using fMRI 194 -- Temporal Resolution of fMRI 197 -- The Timing of Brain Events 200 -- Effects of Stimulus Duration 202 -- Relative Timing across Brain Regions 204 -- Linearity of the Hemodynamic Response 206 -- Properties of a Linear System 207 -- Evidence for Rough Linearity 209 -- Challenges to Linearity 211 -- Using Refractory Effects to Study Neuronal Adaptation 213 -- 9 Signal and Noise in fMRI 217 -- Understanding Signal and Noise 219 -- Signal and Noise Defined 219 -- Functional SNR 222 -- Sources of Noise in fMRI 224 -- Thermal Noise 225 -- System Noise 227 -- Motion and Physiological Noise 228 -- Non-Task-Related Neural Variability 230 -- Behavioral and Cognitive Variability".
catalog title "Functional magnetic resonance imaging / Scott A. Huettel, Allen W. Song, Gregory McCarthy.".
catalog type "CD-ROM. swd".
catalog type "CD-ROMs. local".
catalog type "text".