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• 2008372736 abstract "Over the past 20 years the number of standards and certification programs for agricultural production has grown rapidly. Producers who want to export are confronted not only by a plethora of import regulations, but also within import countries by different niche markets for which specific requirements have to be fulfilled. While the adoption of voluntary standards may grant export opportunities to farmers, they can also be considered barriers to entry for those who cannot apply them either because they are too onerous or because of the lack of knowledge about their requirements. In fact, some producers and exporters increasingly regard private standards as non-tariff barriers to trade. New and more stringent standards are being developed year after year, and there is an urgent need to determine today, and in the future, the extent to which these govern world trade. This report gives an overview of standards and certification programs relevant for fruit and vegetable producers and exporters in developing countries with a focus on the markets of the United States and the European Union. In addition, it gives an overview of current analytical work on standards and trade, reviews major assistance programs related to standards and provides recommendations for further research.--Publisher's description.".
• 2008372736 contributor B11219166.
• 2008372736 contributor B11219167.
• 2008372736 created "2007.".
• 2008372736 date "2007".
• 2008372736 date "2007.".
• 2008372736 dateCopyrighted "2007.".
• 2008372736 description "Includes bibliographical references.".
• 2008372736 description "Over the past 20 years the number of standards and certification programs for agricultural production has grown rapidly. Producers who want to export are confronted not only by a plethora of import regulations, but also within import countries by different niche markets for which specific requirements have to be fulfilled. While the adoption of voluntary standards may grant export opportunities to farmers, they can also be considered barriers to entry for those who cannot apply them either because they are too onerous or because of the lack of knowledge about their requirements. In fact, some producers and exporters increasingly regard private standards as non-tariff barriers to trade. New and more stringent standards are being developed year after year, and there is an urgent need to determine today, and in the future, the extent to which these govern world trade. This report gives an overview of standards and certification programs relevant for fruit and vegetable producers and exporters in developing countries with a focus on the markets of the United States and the European Union. In addition, it gives an overview of current analytical work on standards and trade, reviews major assistance programs related to standards and provides recommendations for further research.--Publisher's description.".
• 2008372736 description "pt. 1. Overview of standards : international agreements, national regulations and private standards. Frameworks for standard settings and conformity assessment systems -- General quality and import requirements, product classification, traceability and labels of origin -- Phytosanitary standards -- Food safety standards -- Sustainable agriculture and good agricultural practices (GAP) -- Environmental standards -- Organic agriculture standards -- Labour and social standards -- pt. 2. Overview of existing analytical work on the impacts of private standards on trade. Extensive research programmes covering various aspects of private standards -- pt. 3. Overview of operational initiatives related to private standards and trade. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) -- Collaboration among international agencies -- World Bank -- International Trade Centre (ITC) -- United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) -- World Trade Organization (WTO) -- United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) -- Regional organizations -- Bilateral assistance -- Public-private partnerships -- NGO alliances -- National certification programmes for benchmarking -- Conclusions and recommendations. Discussion and conclusions on standards and trade -- Recommendations for future research.".
• 2008372736 extent "xviii, 150 p. ;".
• 2008372736 hasFormat "Available both in print and online.".
• 2008372736 identifier "9251057796".
• 2008372736 identifier "9789251057797".
• 2008372736 identifier "ftp://ftp.fao.org/docrep/fao/010/a1245e/".
• 2008372736 isFormatOf "Available both in print and online.".
• 2008372736 isPartOf "FAO commodity studies, 1810-0783 ; 3".
• 2008372736 issued "2007".
• 2008372736 issued "2007.".
• 2008372736 language "eng".
• 2008372736 publisher "Rome : Trade Policy Service, Trade and Markets Division, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations,".
• 2008372736 relation "Available both in print and online.".
• 2008372736 spatial "Developing countries.".
• 2008372736 spatial "European Union countries.".
• 2008372736 spatial "United States.".
• 2008372736 subject "Produce trade Certification Developing countries.".
• 2008372736 subject "Produce trade Certification European Union countries.".
• 2008372736 subject "Produce trade Certification United States.".
• 2008372736 subject "SB319.75 .D36 2007".
• 2008372736 tableOfContents "pt. 1. Overview of standards : international agreements, national regulations and private standards. Frameworks for standard settings and conformity assessment systems -- General quality and import requirements, product classification, traceability and labels of origin -- Phytosanitary standards -- Food safety standards -- Sustainable agriculture and good agricultural practices (GAP) -- Environmental standards -- Organic agriculture standards -- Labour and social standards -- pt. 2. Overview of existing analytical work on the impacts of private standards on trade. Extensive research programmes covering various aspects of private standards -- pt. 3. Overview of operational initiatives related to private standards and trade. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) -- Collaboration among international agencies -- World Bank -- International Trade Centre (ITC) -- United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) -- World Trade Organization (WTO) -- United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) -- Regional organizations -- Bilateral assistance -- Public-private partnerships -- NGO alliances -- National certification programmes for benchmarking -- Conclusions and recommendations. Discussion and conclusions on standards and trade -- Recommendations for future research.".
• 2008372736 title "Private standards in the United States and European Union markets for fruit and vegetables : implications for developing countries / [written by Cora Dankers].".
• 2008372736 type "text".